Differential migration ofin vivo primed B and T lymphocytes to lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs

Finke, Daniela; Acha‐Orbea, Hans

doi:10.1002/1521-4141(200109)31:9<2603::aid-immu2603>3.0.co;2-8

Cited by 30 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Through a series of genetic and transplantation strategies, we now provide the first longitudinal demonstration that PPs are the primary source of IgA-committed B cells transferred to the mammary glands during lactation. This axis has been previously implicated in viral transmission during the lymphocyte-mediated transfer of mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) to the mammary epithelium, leading to shedding of virus through milk (Finke and Acha-Orbea, 2001;Golovkina et al, 1998), and during the transfer of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)-induced immunity (Gerber et al, 2016;Langel et al, 2019). Furthermore, the IgA repertoire is similar between the small intestine and the mammary glands (Lindner et al, 2015), consistent with the demonstration that IgA plasma cells in the mammary glands originate from somewhere in the small intestine (Ramanan et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Beyond the known transfer of certain viruses to the mammary glands of offspring following the ingestion of maternally derived infected milk (Finke and Acha-Orbea, 2001;Gerber et al, 2016;Golovkina et al, 1998;Langel et al, 2019), few studies have explored, and there is no direct evidence for, specific lymphoid tissues that develop in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and function during the genesis of maternal IgA that appear in milk (Lindner et al, 2015;Roux et al, 1977). In particular, there is no information regarding how the entire intestinal bacterial domain might stimulate the immune responses in the GI tract to produce maternal milk-borne IgA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The gut microbiota induces Peyer’s-patch-dependent secretion of maternal IgA into milk

et al. 2021

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The evolutionary strategy of transferring maternal antibodies via milk profoundly impacts the survival, lifelong health, and wellbeing of all neonates, including a pronounced impact on human breastfeeding success and infant development. While there has been increased recognition that interorgan connectivity influences the quality of a mother's milk, potentially to personalize it for her offspring, the underlying bases for these processes are incompletely resolved. Here, we define an essential role of Peyer's patches (PPs) for the generation of plasma cells that secrete maternal immunoglobulin A (IgA) into milk. Our metagenomic analysis reveals that the presence of certain residential microorganisms in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, such as Bacteroides acidifaciens and Prevotella buccalis, is indispensable for the programming of maternal IgA synthesis prior to lactational transfer. Our data provide important insights into how the microbiome of the maternal GI environment, specifically through PPs, can be communicated to the next generation via milk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbiota induces Peyer’s-patch-dependent secretion of maternal IgA into milk

et al. 2021

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“…Furthermore, all subpopulations of IELs can migrate beyond the intestinal wall to the circulatory system and other organs, including the CNS, and involved various clinical manifestations [ 46 , 47 ]. They are also believed to possess the ability to produce SER and the biosynthesis of KYN compounds [ 48 ]. Our study has shown a positive correlation between the number of IELs, as well as fecal calprotectin, and the intensity of depressive symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Tryptophan Metabolism on the Kynurenine Pathway in Depressive Patients with Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth

et al. 2022

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The causes of depression are diverse and are still not fully understood. Recently, an increasing role is attributed to nutritional and inflammatory factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate selected metabolites of the tryptophan kynurenine pathway in depressive patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). The study involved 40 healthy people (controls) and 40 patients with predominant small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO-D). The lactulose hydrogen breath test (LHBT) was performed to diagnose SIBO. The severity of symptoms was assessed using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS–IBS) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). The concentration of tryptophan (TRP), kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic acid (KYNA), and quinolinic acid (QA) in urine was determined using an LC–MS/MS method, before and after cyclic treatment with an antibiotic drug, rifaximin, for three months. The number of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) in the duodenum and small intestinal mucosa, fecal calprotectin (FC) and serum level of C-reactive protein (CRP) were also determined. In patients with SIBO, a higher level of KYN and QA were found as compared to the control group. These two groups also differed in KYN/TRP (higher in SIBO) and KYNA/KYN ratios (lower in SIBO). A positive correlation was found between HAM-D and the number of IELs and the level of FC. Treatment with rifaximin improves the kynurenic pathway, as well as abdominal and mental complaints. Therefore, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth can be a cause of abdominal symptoms, but also mental disorders.

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“…In such a way, the lymphocyte compartment is well expanded and can start the infection of the entire animal [51][52][53][54]. It was reported that B cells migrate preferentially to the mammary gland and also to lung and liver, whereas T cells go to lymph nodes, spleen and intestine [55].…”

Section: Intestinal Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Viral Origin of Human Breast Cancer: From the Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus (MMTV) to the Human Betaretrovirus (HBRV)

Bevilacqua

2022

Viruses

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A Human Betaretrovirus (HBRV) has been identified in humans, dating as far back as about 4500 years ago, with a high probability of it being acquired by our species around 10,000 years ago, following a species jump from mice to humans. HBRV is the human homolog of the MMTV (mouse mammary tumor virus), which is the etiological agent of murine mammary tumors. The hypothesis of a HMTV (human mammary tumor virus) was proposed about 50 years ago, and has acquired a solid scientific basis during the last 30 years, with the demonstration of a robust link with breast cancer and with PBC, primary biliary cholangitis. This article summarizes most of what is known about MMTV/HMTV/HBRV since the discovery of MMTV at the beginning of last century, to make evident both the quantity and the quality of the research supporting the existence of HBRV and its pathogenic role. Here, it is sufficient to mention that scientific evidence includes that viral sequences have been identified in breast-cancer samples in a worldwide distribution, that the complete proviral genome has been cloned from breast cancer and patients with PBC, and that saliva contains HBRV, as a possible route of inter-human infection. Controversies that have arisen concerning results obtained from human tissues, many of them outdated by new scientific evidence, are critically discussed and confuted.

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Differential migration ofin vivo primed B and T lymphocytes to lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs

Cited by 30 publications

References 51 publications

The gut microbiota induces Peyer’s-patch-dependent secretion of maternal IgA into milk

The gut microbiota induces Peyer’s-patch-dependent secretion of maternal IgA into milk

Altered Tryptophan Metabolism on the Kynurenine Pathway in Depressive Patients with Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth

The Viral Origin of Human Breast Cancer: From the Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus (MMTV) to the Human Betaretrovirus (HBRV)

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