“…Biofiltration, wherein an absence of chemical disinfectant residual encourages biomass growth on the filter media, is emerging as an effective post-AOP polishing step for the removal of trace organic contaminants and assimiliable organics liberated during advanced oxidation to reduce baseline toxicity (Gerrity and Snyder, 2011;Reungoat et al, 2010 and. Specifically, biofiltration using biological activated carbon (BAC) has been shown to provide excellent removal of NDMA in recent studies (Farre et al, 2011;Hollender et al, 2009;Reungoat et al, 2010;Sundaram et al, 2014) and is consistent with microbial oxidation of this recalcitrant nitrosamine (Homme et al, 2013;Sharp et al, 2005Sharp et al, , 2007Sharp et al, and 2010. The high surface area of BAC and ability to sequester bioavailable substrates lends itself to colonization by a diverse microbial biofilm that can further contribute to water treatment through the metabolism of nutrients and organics.…”