Differential kinetics of plasma procalcitonin levels in cerebral malaria in urban Senegalese patients according to disease outcome

Mbengué, Babacar; Diatta, Bakary; Niang, Birahim; Diagne, N.S.; Ndiaye, Mamadou; Marrama, Laurence; Garraud, Olivier; Perraut, Ronald; Dièye, Alioune

doi:10.1186/1753-6561-2-s1-p40

Cited by 2 publications

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“…A number of cytokines and bioactive proteins, such as procalcitonin were previously found to contribute to adverse prognosis in human SM [7,29,30]. In agreement, we found elevated levels of pro inflammatory cytokines in patients with SM; approximately two-and threefolds higher for IL-6 and TNF-a compared to MM cases at the day of admission, but no significant difference of IL-10 plasmatic levels between the two groups of patients.…”

Section: Immune Responses To Malarial Gpissupporting

confidence: 88%

Inflammatory cytokine and humoral responses to Plasmodium falciparum glycosylphosphatidylinositols correlates with malaria immunity and pathogenesis

Mbengué

Niang

et al. 2015

Immunity, Inflammation and Disease

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Pro‐inflammatory cytokines induced by glycosylphosphatidylinositols (GPIs) of Plasmodium falciparum contribute to malaria pathogenesis and hence, the naturally acquired anti‐GPI antibody thought to provide protection against severe malaria (SM) by neutralizing the stimulatory activity of GPIs. In previous studies, the anti‐GPI antibody levels increased with age in parallel with the development of acquired immunity, and high levels of anti‐GPI antibodies were associated with mild malaria (MM) cases. In the present study, the relationship between the levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and anti‐GPI IgG antibody responses, parasitemia, and the clinical outcomes were evaluated in SM and mild malaria (MM) patients. Sera from a total of 110 SM and 72 MM cases after excluding of ineligible patients were analyzed for the levels of anti‐GPI antibodies, IgG subclasses, and cytokine responses by ELISA. While the total anti‐GPI antibody levels were similar in overall SM and MM groups, they were significantly higher in surviving SM patients than in fatal SM cases. In the case of cytokines, the TNF‐α and IL‐6 levels were significantly higher in SM compared to MM, whereas the IL‐10 levels were similar in both groups. The data presented here demonstrate that high levels of the circulatory pro‐inflammatory, TNF‐α, and IL‐6, are indicators of malaria severity, whereas anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 level does not differentiate SM and MM cases. Further, among SM patients, relatively low levels of anti‐GPI antibodies are indicators of fatal outcomes compared to survivors, suggesting that anti‐GPI antibodies provide some level of protection against SM fatality.

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Section: Immune Responses To Malarial Gpissupporting

confidence: 88%

Inflammatory cytokine and humoral responses to Plasmodium falciparum glycosylphosphatidylinositols correlates with malaria immunity and pathogenesis

Mbengué

Niang

et al. 2015

Immunity, Inflammation and Disease

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…Altogether, these findings suggest that a GPI vaccine may be able to prevent both blood-stage and liver infections, disease and block transmission of parasite from human to mosquito, thus acting as a unique carbohydrate multi-stage, multi-parasite vaccine. Consistent with this, high levels of the anti-GPI antibodies have been correlated with resistance to clinical symptoms, such as anaemia and fever [ 18 ], and lower levels observed among Senegalese adults with cerebral malaria compared to individuals with uncomplicated malaria [ 49 ]. Although anti- Pf GPI antibodies are short-lived or intermittent in very young children, older children and adults seem to be able to sustain high antibody levels for longer [ 18 , 32 – 34 , 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

IgG antibodies to synthetic GPI are biomarkers of immune-status to both Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria in young children

França

Suen

Carmagnac

et al. 2017

Malar J

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BackgroundFurther reduction in malaria prevalence and its eventual elimination would be greatly facilitated by the development of biomarkers of exposure and/or acquired immunity to malaria, as well as the deployment of effective vaccines against Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. A better understanding of the acquisition of immunity in naturally-exposed populations is essential for the identification of antigens useful as biomarkers, as well as to inform rational vaccine development.MethodsELISA was used to measure total IgG to a synthetic form of glycosylphosphatidylinositol from P. falciparum (PfGPI) in a cohort of 1–3 years old Papua New Guinea children with well-characterized individual differences in exposure to P. falciparum and P. vivax blood-stage infections. The relationship between IgG levels to PfGPI and measures of recent and past exposure to P. falciparum and P. vivax infections was investigated, as well as the association between antibody levels and prospective risk of clinical malaria over 16 months of follow-up.ResultsTotal IgG levels to PfGPI were low in the young children tested. Antibody levels were higher in the presence of P. falciparum or P. vivax infections, but short-lived. High IgG levels were associated with higher risk of P. falciparum malaria (IRR 1.33–1.66, P = 0.008–0.027), suggesting that they are biomarkers of increased exposure to P. falciparum infections. Given the cross-reactive nature of antibodies to PfGPI, high IgG levels were also associated with reduced risk of P. vivax malaria (IRR 0.65–0.67, P = 0.039–0.044), indicating that these antibodies are also markers of acquired immunity to P. vivax.ConclusionsThis study highlights that in young children, IgG to PfGPI might be a useful marker of immune-status to both P. falciparum and P. vivax infections, and potentially useful to help malaria control programs to identify populations at-risk. Further functional studies are necessary to confirm the potential of PfGPI as a target for vaccine development.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-017-2042-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Differential kinetics of plasma procalcitonin levels in cerebral malaria in urban Senegalese patients according to disease outcome

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Inflammatory cytokine and humoral responses to Plasmodium falciparum glycosylphosphatidylinositols correlates with malaria immunity and pathogenesis

Inflammatory cytokine and humoral responses to Plasmodium falciparum glycosylphosphatidylinositols correlates with malaria immunity and pathogenesis

IgG antibodies to synthetic GPI are biomarkers of immune-status to both Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria in young children

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