Differential impacts of aluminium on microtubule organisation depends on growth phase in suspension‐cultured tobacco cells

Sivaguru, Mayandi; Yamamoto, Yoko; Matsumoto, Hideaki

doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.1999.100115.x

Cited by 46 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…The lower Al sensitivity of the MZ may be due to protection of the MZ through root-cap mucilage, which strongly binds Al (Archambault et al, 1996), thus protecting the MZ from Al injury (Horst et al, 1982). The low Al sensitivity of the EZ is not yet understood, but appears to be in agreement with the much lower Al sensitivity of stationary phase compared with log phase cells (Sivaguru et al, 1999b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Genotypical Differences in Aluminum Resistance of Maize Are Expressed in the Distal Part of the Transition Zone. Is Reduced Basipetal Auxin Flow Involved in Inhibition of Root Elongation by Aluminum?

2000

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Short-term Al treatment (90 M Al at pH 4.5 for 1 h) of the distal transition zone (DTZ; 1-2 mm from the root tip), which does not contribute significantly to root elongation, inhibited root elongation in the main elongation zone (EZ; 2.5-5 mm from the root tip) to the same extent as treatment of the entire maize (Zea mays) root apex. Application of Al to the EZ had no effect on root elongation. Higher genotypical resistance to Al applied to the entire root apex, and specifically to the DTZ, was expressed by less inhibition of root elongation, Al accumulation, and Al-induced callose formation, primarily in the DTZ. A characteristic pH profile along the surface of the root apex with a maximum of pH 5.3 in the DTZ was demonstrated. Al application induced a substantial flattening of the pH profile moreso in the Al-sensitive than in the Al-resistant cultivar. Application of indole-3-acetic acid to the EZ but not to the meristematic zone significantly alleviated the inhibition of root elongation induced by the application of Al to the DTZ. Basipetal transport of exogenously applied [ 3 H]indole-3-acetic acid to the meristematic zone was significantly inhibited by Al application to the DTZ in the Al-sensitive maize cv Lixis. Our results provide evidence that the primary mechanisms of genotypical differences in Al resistance are located within the DTZ, and suggest a signaling pathway in the root apex mediating the Al signal between the DTZ and the EZ through basipetal auxin transport.The initial effect of Al toxicity is the inhibition of root elongation, a dramatic effect occurring within minutes after application. It is generally accepted that the root apex plays the major role in Al perception and response (for recent reviews, see Delhaize and Ryan, 1995;Horst, 1995; Kochian, 1995;Taylor, 1995;Rengel, 1996). This is well demonstrated by the fact that: (a) Al accumulation as an indicator of Al sensitivity occurs in the distal parts of the root apex (Delhaize et al., 1993a; Llugany et al., 1994;Sivaguru and Horst, 1998); (b) Al-resistance mechanisms, such as the release of Al-complexing organic compounds, are confined mainly to the root apex (Horst et al., 1982; Delhaize et al., 1993b; Pellet et al., 1995); and (c) callose formation, as a sensitive marker of Al sensitivity, is induced primarily in apical cells of the outer cortex (Wissemeier et al., 1987;Zhang et al., 1994;Wissemeier and Horst, 1995;Sivaguru and Horst, 1998). However, the question of the primary target of the Al effect remained open until recently. Ryan et al. (1993) showed that the root tip was most Al sensitive. Sivaguru and Horst (1998) presented evidence that the distal transition zone (DTZ) is the most Alsusceptible zone of the primary root of the Al-sensitive maize (Zea mays) cv Lixis. Subsequently, Sivaguru et al. (1999a) and Horst et al. (1999) showed that Al leads to alterations in the organization of microtubules and actin microfilaments, which were most severe in the DTZ. Although it is still a matter of debate whether Al affects the root ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Genotypical Differences in Aluminum Resistance of Maize Are Expressed in the Distal Part of the Transition Zone. Is Reduced Basipetal Auxin Flow Involved in Inhibition of Root Elongation by Aluminum?

2000

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“…An increase in growth (as determined by fresh weight) of logphase tobacco cells was abolished almost completely (reaching only 30% of control) after 12 h of exposure to Al (Sivaguru et al, 1999b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Early events responsible for aluminum toxicity symptoms in suspension‐cultured tobacco cells

et al. 2004

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Summary• We investigated the aluminum (Al)-induced alterations in zeta potential, plasma membrane (PM) potential and intracellular calcium levels to elucidate their interaction with callose production induced by Al toxicity.• A noninvasive confocal laser microscopy has been used to analyse the live tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum ) cell events by means of fluorescent probes Fluo-3 acetoxymethyl ester (intracellular calcium) and DiBAC 4 (PM potential) as well as to monitor callose accumulation.• Log-phase cells showed no detectable changes in the PM potential during the first 30 min of Al treatment, but sustained large depolarization from 60 min onwards. Measurement of zeta potential confirmed the depolarization effect of Al, but the kinetics were different. The Al-treated cells showed a moderate increase in intracellular Ca 2+ levels and callose production in 1 h, which coincided with the time course of PM depolarization. Compared with the Al treatment, cyclopiazonic acid, an inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ -ATPase, facilitated a higher increase in intracellular Ca 2+ levels, but resulted in accumulation of only moderate levels of callose. Calcium channel modulators and Al induced similar levels of callose in the initial 1 h of treatment.• Callose production induced by Al toxicity is dependent on both depolarization of the PM and an increase in intracellular Ca 2+ levels.

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“…However, recent work has ruled out a role of the root cap and emphasizes that the root meristem is the sensitive site. Root tips have been found to be the primary site of aluminum injury, and the distal part of the transition zone has been identified as the target site in maize (Zea mays) (Sivaguru & Horst, 1998). Root cells division results in root elongation.…”

Section: Aluminium Influence On Maize Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminium in Acid Soils: Chemistry, Toxicity and Impact on Maize Plants

Krstić¹,

Djalović²,

Nikezić³

et al. 2012

Food Production - Approaches, Challenges and Tasks

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Differential impacts of aluminium on microtubule organisation depends on growth phase in suspension‐cultured tobacco cells

Cited by 46 publications

References 47 publications

Genotypical Differences in Aluminum Resistance of Maize Are Expressed in the Distal Part of the Transition Zone. Is Reduced Basipetal Auxin Flow Involved in Inhibition of Root Elongation by Aluminum?

Genotypical Differences in Aluminum Resistance of Maize Are Expressed in the Distal Part of the Transition Zone. Is Reduced Basipetal Auxin Flow Involved in Inhibition of Root Elongation by Aluminum?

Early events responsible for aluminum toxicity symptoms in suspension‐cultured tobacco cells

Aluminium in Acid Soils: Chemistry, Toxicity and Impact on Maize Plants

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