Differential impact of maternal and paternal ethnicity on the pattern of fat distribution in infants at age 3 months

OBJECTIVE The continuum of maternal glycemia in pregnancy shows continuous associations with both: 1) neonatal birth weight at delivery, and 2) subsequent adiposity later in childhood. While treating gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can lower birth weight and thereby disrupt the former association, it is unclear if such treatment reduces childhood adiposity. Thus, we sought to compare anthropometry across the 1st year of life between infants born to women who were treated for GDM and those with lesser degrees of gestational dysglycemia (untreated). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Anthropometric measurements were performed at 3 months and 12 months of life in 567 infants born to women comprising the following four gestational glucose tolerance groups: 1) women with normoglycemia on both glucose challenge test (GCT) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in pregnancy; 2) women with an abnormal GCT but normal OGTT; 3) those with mild gestational impaired glucose tolerance; and 4) women treated for GDM. RESULTS Birth weight progressively increased across the three untreated groups but was lowest in women treated for GDM (P = 0.0004). Similarly, women treated for GDM had the lowest rate of macrosomia (P = 0.02). Conversely, however, there were no differences among the four groups in weight z score, length z score, weight-for-length z score, or BMI z score at either 3 months or 12 months (all P values = NS). Similarly, there were no differences among the groups in triceps/biceps/subscapular/suprailiac skinfold thickness or sum of skinfolds at either 3 months or 12 months (all P values = NS). CONCLUSIONS Despite reducing birth weight and macrosomia, the treatment of GDM does not have analogous effects on infant adiposity across the 1st year of life.

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Differential impact of maternal and paternal ethnicity on the pattern of fat distribution in infants at age 3 months

Abstract: Maternal and paternal Asian ethnicity have differential effects on infant fat distribution. Future clinical studies on obesity and fat composition should consider the distinct contributions of both parents to the ethnic classification of participants.

Cited by 2 publications

References 30 publications

Diabetes and diabetes care among non-obese South Asian Americans: Findings from a population-based study

Diabetes and diabetes care among non-obese South Asian Americans: Findings from a population-based study

Treating Gestational Diabetes Reduces Birth Weight but Does Not Affect Infant Adiposity Across the 1st Year of Life

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