Differential Impact of Inflammation on Six Laboratory Assays Measuring Residual Arachidonic Acid-Inducible Platelet Reactivity During Dual Antiplatelet Therapy

Gremmel, Thomas; Perkmann, Thomas; Seidinger, Daniela; Koppensteiner, Renate; Panzer, Simon; Kopp, Christoph W.; Steiner, Sabine

doi:10.5551/jat.17665

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“… 8 , 9 , 167 , 168 Different ligand-binding assays based on the binding of the analyte to specific receptors by using different detection methods can be used to assess serum TXB2 and urinary 11-dehydro-TXB2 concentration, such as: 1) the “old” radioimmunoassays (RIA) or immunoradiometric assays (IRMA) that are now outdates; 169 – 171 2) enzyme-linked immunoassays (ELISA) that are now the most commonly utilized assays. 172 , 173 …”

Section: Platelet Function Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet function tests: a comparative review

Paniccia¹,

Priora²,

Liotta³

et al. 2015

VHRM

405

384

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In physiological hemostasis a prompt recruitment of platelets on the vessel damage prevents the bleeding by the rapid formation of a platelet plug. Qualitative and/or quantitative platelet defects promote bleeding, whereas the high residual reactivity of platelets in patients on antiplatelet therapies moves forward thromboembolic complications. The biochemical mechanisms of the different phases of platelet activation – adhesion, shape change, release reaction, and aggregation – have been well delineated, whereas their complete translation into laboratory assays has not been so fulfilled. Laboratory tests of platelet function, such as bleeding time, light transmission platelet aggregation, lumiaggregometry, impedance aggregometry on whole blood, and platelet activation investigated by flow cytometry, are traditionally utilized for diagnosing hemostatic disorders and managing patients with platelet and hemostatic defects, but their use is still limited to specialized laboratories. To date, a point-of-care testing (POCT) dedicated to platelet function, using pertinent devices much simpler to use, has now become available (ie, PFA-100, VerifyNow System, Multiplate Electrode Aggregometry [MEA]). POCT includes new methodologies which may be used in critical clinical settings and also in general laboratories because they are rapid and easy to use, employing whole blood without the necessity of sample processing. Actually, these different platelet methodologies for the evaluation of inherited and acquired bleeding disorders and/or for monitoring antiplatelet therapies are spreading and the study of platelet function is strengthening. In this review, well-tried and innovative platelet function tests and their methodological features and clinical applications are considered.

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Section: Platelet Function Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet function tests: a comparative review

Paniccia¹,

Priora²,

Liotta³

et al. 2015

VHRM

405

384

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another result of this mechanism other than thrombosis is the increase in the spread of cancer cells [18,19]. The second mechanism is the protection of platelets from the cytotoxicity of circulating natural killer cells by wrapping the cancer cells as a protective cape [20,21]. It has not yet been fully clarified if the number or morphological characteristics of the platelet is more decisive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the Platelet Index Have a Guiding Role in the Association of Cancer and Pulmonary Thromboembolism?

Öcal¹,

Öcal²

2020

Multidiscip Cancer Investig

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Introduction: The diagnostic value of the D-dimer test varies with variable platelet numbers and functions in patients suffering from cancer and concomitant pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). This requires easy and reliable evaluation tests. In this study, we aimed to investigate the hypothesis that platelet functions may be more guiding in the prediction and diagnosis of PTE rather than the number of platelets in cancer pa- tients. Methods: The clinical, laboratory and radiological findings of all patients diagnosed with PTE were retrieved, retrospectively. Comparisons were performed between “can- cer-free” and “cancer” patients. The patients were also evaluated according to their active and remission status. Results: The data of 232 patients with PTE were reviewed. 172 patients were cancer- free and 60 were diagnosed with cancer. The mean values of D-dimer, mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) were found to be significantly higher in patients with cancer (P=0.015, P=0.026, and P=0.023; respectively). On the other hand, mean platelet counts were significantly higher in patients without cancer (P=0.05). It was also observed that the mean values of D-dimer, Troponin-I, MPV, and PDW were found to be significantly higher in patients with active cancer (P=0.05, P=0.044, P=0.05, and P=0.042; respectively). However, the mean platelet counts were significantly higher in patients with cancer who were in remission (P=0.05). Conclusions: The morphological characteristics of the platelets are more determinant than the number of platelets in cancer patients with PTE. Platelet indexes such as MPV and PDW may be useful in the prediction, diagnosis, and follow-up of PTE in patients with cancer.

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“…This is useful to evaluate platelet function and detect defects in TXA 2 production, which is essential for the amplification of platelet activation. [108][109][110] Quebec platelet disorder involves a gain-of-function mutation of the urokinase plasminogen activator, which causes plasmin-mediated proteolysis of platelet alpha-granule content and hyperfibrinolysis. This syndrome is a rare, autosomal dominant bleeding disorder that has been described in a family from Quebec Province in Canada.…”

Section: Other Analytical Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Techniques Used to Diagnose Constitutional Platelet Dysfunction

2020

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Platelets play a major role in primary hemostasis, where activated platelets form plugs to stop hemorrhaging in response to vessel injuries. Defects in any step of the platelet activation process can cause a variety of platelet dysfunction conditions associated with bleeding. To make an accurate diagnosis, constitutional platelet dysfunction (CPDF) should be considered once von Willebrand disease and drug intake are ruled out. CPDF may be associated with thrombocytopenia or a genetic syndrome. CPDF diagnosis is complex, as no single test enables the analysis of all aspects of platelet function. Furthermore, the available tests lack standardization, and repeat tests must be performed in specialized laboratories especially for mild and moderate forms of the disease. In this review, we provide an overview of the laboratory tests used to diagnose CPDF, with a focus on light transmission platelet aggregation (LTA), flow cytometry (FC), and granules assessment. Global tests, mainly represented by LTA, are often initially performed to investigate the consequences of platelet activation on platelet aggregation in a single step. Global test results should be confirmed by additional analytical tests. FC represents an accurate, simple, and reliable test to analyze abnormalities in platelet receptors, and granule content and release. This technique may also be used to investigate platelet function by comparing resting- and activated-state platelet populations. Assessment of granule content and release also requires additional specialized analytical tests. High-throughput sequencing has become increasingly useful to diagnose CPDF. Advanced tests or external research laboratory techniques may also be beneficial in some cases.

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Differential Impact of Inflammation on Six Laboratory Assays Measuring Residual Arachidonic Acid-Inducible Platelet Reactivity During Dual Antiplatelet Therapy

Cited by 22 publications

References 45 publications

Platelet function tests: a comparative review

Platelet function tests: a comparative review

Does the Platelet Index Have a Guiding Role in the Association of Cancer and Pulmonary Thromboembolism?

Laboratory Techniques Used to Diagnose Constitutional Platelet Dysfunction

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