Differential growth and response to atrazine between and within susceptible and resistant biotypes of <i>Chenopodium album</i> L.

Marriage, P. B.; Warwick, S. I.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1980.tb00035.x

Cited by 37 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This is in contrast to annual broadleaf weeds that developed resistance to the s-triazine herbicides. With few exceptions, there was a cost to the development of resistance to these herbicides (Anderson et al 1996;Conrad and Radosevich 1979;Marriage and Warwick 1980;Warwick and Black 1981;Elliot and Peirson 1983;Holt 1988). Variability in fitness between susceptible and resistant biotypes does not occur to the same extent with other herbicide groups (AlcocerRuthling et al 1992;O'Donovan et al 1994b;Thompson et al 1994;Gill et al 1996;Wiederholt and Stoltenberg 1996a,b).…”

Section: Growth and Competitivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, competitiveness, and seed germination of triallate/difenzoquat-susceptible and -resistant wild oat populations

O’Donovan¹,

Newman²,

Blackshaw³

et al. 1999

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 1999. Growth, competitiveness, and seed germination of triallate/difenzoquat-susceptible and -resistant wild oat populations. Can. J. Plant Sci. 79: 303-312. Understanding the relative competitiveness and seed germination patterns of herbicide-resistant weeds has implications for integrated weed management. Replacement series experiments were conducted in the greenhouse to compare interspecific competition among two triallate/difenzoquat susceptible (S) and 10 resistant (R) wild oat (Avena fatua L.) populations. Each series included monocultures of each of the populations and three mixtures at relative S:R proportions of 3:1, 1:1 and 1:3. Shoot dry weight tended to be greater in the R than S populations, but results were not always statistically significant at the 5% level. Leaf area was more variable, but in most cases did not differ between R and S populations. With a few exceptions, relative crowding coefficients for shoot dry weight and leaf area were similar for S and R populations indicating little or no differences in competitiveness. In field experiments where two S and five R populations were grown in competition with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), two of the R populations produced significantly (P < 0.05) greater shoot dry weight and seed yield than the S populations. Otherwise populations did not differ significantly. In seed germination studies, the S populations consistently displayed lower cumulative germination than the R populations. The higher seed germination associated with the R populations suggests that producers should be able to manage these populations effectively with a combination of alternative herbicides and cultural practices.Key words: Avena fatua, herbicide resistance, triallate, difenzoquat, relative competitiveness, seed germination O'Donovan, J. T., Newman, J. C., Blackshaw. R. E., Harker, K. N., Derlksen, D. A. et Thomas, A. G. 1999. Croissance, aptitude à la concurrence et pourcentage de germination de diverses populations de folle-avoine sensibles ou résistantes au triallate/difenzoquat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 79: 303-312. La connaissance des comportements relatifs de compétitivité et de pouvoir germinatif des mauvaises herbes résistantes aux herbicides a des répercussions sur la gestion intégrée des mauvaises herbes. Des expériences par substitution en série ont été réalisées en serre pour comparer l'aptitude à la compétition interspécifique chez deux populations sensibles (S) et chez 10 populations résistantes (R) de folle-avoine (Avena fatua L.) aux herbicides triallate et difenzoquat. Chaque série comportait des peuplements purs de chaque population et 3 mélanges sensibles: résistant dans les proportions de 3:1, 1:1 et 1:3. Le poids des parties vertes était en général plus élevé chez les populations R que chez les S, encore que les résul-tats ne fussent pas toujours statistiquement significatifs au seuil de 0,5 %. La surface foliaire était plus variable, mais, dans la plupart des cas, elle ne différait pas entre les deux types de populations. À quelques exceptions près, les ...

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Section: Growth and Competitivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, competitiveness, and seed germination of triallate/difenzoquat-susceptible and -resistant wild oat populations

O’Donovan¹,

Newman²,

Blackshaw³

et al. 1999

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Warwick and Black (1981) found that susceptible plants of C. album had greater above-ground and reproductive biomass production than the résistant plants. But Marriage and Warwick (1980) biotype and two susceptible ones. Susceptible biotypes of redroot pigweed {Amaranthus retroflexusL.)…”

Section: Non-competitive Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With time, the susceptible biotype accumulâtes more dry matter to develop a dense canopy over the less productive résistant biotype. Marriage and Warwick (1980) hâve reported that s-triazine résistant seedlings of C. album had a slower growth rate than the susceptible seedlings up to 23 d after émergence. Thus the susceptible biotype starts with a marked compétitive advantage over the résistant one during the initial stage of growth.…”

Section: Modes Of Compétition Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But in the absence of s-triazines, our data indicate that the susceptible biotype has a greater fitness. Résistance to s-triazines was consistently accompanied by reduced fitness when the herbicide was not used (Conard and Radosevich 1979;Holt et al 1983;Marriage and Warwick 1980;Warwick and Black 1981;Weaver and Warwick 1982). If s-triazines herbicides are no longer used in a field, the weed population will revert naturally to susceptibility because of the greater fitness of the susceptible biotype.…”

Section: Modes Of Compétition Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, résistant biotypes are generally less productive and compétitive than susceptible (S) biotypes, explaining why susceptible biotypes prevail under compétitive conditions, in the absence of s-triazines. Studies in Ontario indicated that s-triazine susceptible biotypes of C. album and A. powelii had greater compétitive abilities than their respective résistant biotypes (Marriage and Warwick 1980;Weaver and Warwick 1982), but that there was no différence between biotypes of Chenopodium strictum Roth (Warwick and Black 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relative fitness of s-triazine susceptible and resistant biotypes of Chenopodium album

Leroux

2005

phyto

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La compétitivité relative de deux biotypes de Chenopodium album, un sensible et l'autre résistant aux s-triazines, a été comparée lors de trois expériences menées en serres. En absence de compétition, la production de biomasse sèche n'a pas différé entre les deux biotypes, mais le biotype résistant a alloué moins de matière sèche à la production de semences et a produit moins de semences que le biotype sensible. Les résultats obtenus de séries de remplacement (de Wit) menées à une densité de 400 plants m2 ont indiqué que la proportion relative de la biomasse et du nombre de semences produites par le biotype sensible était toujours plus grande que la proportion de plantes susceptibles présentes dans le mélange. Les effets de la compétition racinaire, de la compétition aérienne, et de la compétition complète (racinaire + aérienne) ont été comparés à des densités de 400, 666, 934, 1200, et 1466 plantules m-2. Les biotypes ont eu l'effet le plus marqué sur toutes les variables mesurées parmi les facteurs étudiés. Les plantules du biotype sensible atteignaient une hauteur plus grande, avaient un indice de surface foliaire (ISF) supérieur, produisaient plus de feuilles, et des rendements foliaire, caulinaire et total plus grands que les plantules résistantes, peu importe la densité de plantules ou le mode de compétition. La compétitivité du biotype sensible à l'égard du biotype résistant s'est exprimée le plus lorsque les deux biotypes rivalisaient entre eux pour la lumière. Les effets de la compétition aérienne sur le rendement, l'ISF, le nombre de feuilles, et la hauteur des plantules étaient aussi importants que la compétition complète. Les effets de la compétition racinaire, bien que significatifs, n'étaient pas aussi importants. Les résultats indiquent que s'il y a arrêt de l'utilisation des s-triazines, la population de C. album évoluera naturellement vers la susceptibilité aux s-triazines à cause de la compétitivité supérieure du biotype sensible.The relative fitness of s-triazine susceptible and resistant biotypes ofChenopodium album from Quebec were compared in three greenhouse experiments. Under non-competitive conditions, there was no difference in dry matter production between biotypes, but the resistant biotype allocated less dry matter to seed production and produced fewer seeds than the susceptible. Results from de Wit replacement series performed at 400 plants m2 indicated that the relative proportion of biomass and seeds produced by the susceptible biotype was always greater than the proportion of susceptible plants present in any given treatment. The effects of root, shoot, and full (root + shoot) competition were compared between and within biotypes at planting densities of 400,666,934,1200, and 1466 seedlings m-2. Biotype had the most pronounced effect on all variables among the factors studied. The susceptible seedlings were taller, had a greater leaf area index (LAI), more leaves, and greater leaf, stem, and above-ground dry matter yields than the resistant seedlings, regardless of the planting de...

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Response of light- and dark-grown callus of atrazine-resistant and susceptible rapeseed (Brassica napus) to varying concentrations of atrizine

Grant

Beversdorf

Zilka

1983

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Response of light-and dark-grown callus of atrazine-resistant and susceptible rapeseed (Brassica napus) to varying concentrations of atrazine Abstract. Callus cultures initiated with tissue of triazine-resistant and susceptible lines of Brassica napus L. were cultured in the presence of atrazine (10 -s to 10 -4 M) under a 16-h photoperiod or in continuous darkness. On atrazine-free media callus growth was characteristically greater for the light-grown cultures. On media containing atrazine, growth of callus from triazine-resistant and susceptible rapeseed cultured in the dark did not differ significantly. Addition of atrazine to the culture medium resulted in a significant reduction in the growth of light-grown callus of the susceptible genotype to a level equivalent to that of the dark-grown cultures. Atrazine had no effect on the growth of light-grown callus initiated with triazine-resistant rapeseed.

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Differential growth and response to atrazine between and within susceptible and resistant biotypes of Chenopodium album L.

Cited by 37 publications

References 12 publications

Growth, competitiveness, and seed germination of triallate/difenzoquat-susceptible and -resistant wild oat populations

Growth, competitiveness, and seed germination of triallate/difenzoquat-susceptible and -resistant wild oat populations

Relative fitness of s-triazine susceptible and resistant biotypes of Chenopodium album

Response of light- and dark-grown callus of atrazine-resistant and susceptible rapeseed (Brassica napus) to varying concentrations of atrizine

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