Differential gene expression of GDP‐L‐fucose‐synthesizing enzymes, GDP‐fucose transporter and fucosyltransferase VII

Niittymäki, Jaana; Mattila, Pirkko; Renkonen, Risto

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0463.2006.apm_461.x

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Studies conducted in mouse and human cell lines have shown a positive correlation of the expression of genes in de novo fucose synthesis pathway with the GDP-L-fucose levels in the cytosol [41]. Therefore, the increased expression of TSTA3 , GMDS and SLC35C1 indicates increased synthesis of GDP-L-Fucose in transition milk.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Profiling of Bovine Milk Oligosaccharide Metabolism Genes Using RNA-Sequencing

et al. 2011

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This study examines the genes coding for enzymes involved in bovine milk oligosaccharide metabolism by comparing the oligosaccharide profiles with the expressions of glycosylation-related genes. Fresh milk samples (n = 32) were collected from four Holstein and Jersey cows at days 1, 15, 90 and 250 of lactation and free milk oligosaccharide profiles were analyzed. RNA was extracted from milk somatic cells at days 15 and 250 of lactation (n = 12) and gene expression analysis was conducted by RNA-Sequencing. A list was created of 121 glycosylation-related genes involved in oligosaccharide metabolism pathways in bovine by analyzing the oligosaccharide profiles and performing an extensive literature search. No significant differences were observed in either oligosaccharide profiles or expressions of glycosylation-related genes between Holstein and Jersey cows. The highest concentrations of free oligosaccharides were observed in the colostrum samples and a sharp decrease was observed in the concentration of free oligosaccharides on day 15, followed by progressive decrease on days 90 and 250. Ninety-two glycosylation-related genes were expressed in milk somatic cells. Most of these genes exhibited higher expression in day 250 samples indicating increases in net glycosylation-related metabolism in spite of decreases in free milk oligosaccharides in late lactation milk. Even though fucosylated free oligosaccharides were not identified, gene expression indicated the likely presence of fucosylated oligosaccharides in bovine milk. Fucosidase genes were expressed in milk and a possible explanation for not detecting fucosylated free oligosaccharides is the degradation of large fucosylated free oligosaccharides by the fucosidases. Detailed characterization of enzymes encoded by the 92 glycosylation-related genes identified in this study will provide the basic knowledge for metabolic network analysis of oligosaccharides in mammalian milk. These candidate genes will guide the design of a targeted breeding strategy to optimize the content of beneficial oligosaccharides in bovine milk.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Profiling of Bovine Milk Oligosaccharide Metabolism Genes Using RNA-Sequencing

et al. 2011

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“…In the alternative salvage metabolism, that utilizes L-Fuc obtained from extracellular sources or from intracellular degradation of glycoproteins and glycolipids, L-fucokinase ( FUK gene) and GDP-L-fucose pyrophosphorylase ( FPGT gene) are involved. After synthesis in the cytosol, GDP-L-Fuc is translocated into the Golgi apparatus via a specific GDP-fucose transporter encoded by gene FUCT1/SLC35C1 [143, 144]. Because in D1 and D2 samples GMSD and TSTA3 gene were highly expressed relative to FPGT and FUK we suggesting that in GMSC the de novo pathway is preferentially activated and that a high amount of fucose is synthesized in cytoplasm ready to be imported in Golgi apparatus for fucosylation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA-Sequencing for profiling goat milk transcriptome in colostrum and mature milk

Crisà

Ferré

Chillemi³

et al. 2016

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundIn this work we aimed at sequencing and assembling the goat milk transcriptome corresponding at colostrum and 120 days of lactation. To reconstruct transcripts we used both the genome as reference, and a de novo assembly approach. Additionally, we aimed at identifying the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two lactation stages and at analyzing the expression of genes involved in oligosaccharides metabolism.ResultsA total of 44,635 different transcripts, organized in 33,757 tentative genes, were obtained using the goat genome as reference. A significant sequence similarity match was found for 40,353 transcripts (90%) against the NCBI NT and for 35,701 (80%) against the NR databases. 68% and 69% of the de novo assembled transcripts, in colostrum and 120 days of lactation samples respectively, have a significant match with the merged transcriptome obtained using Cufflinks/Cuffmerge. CSN2, PAEP, CSN1S2, CSN3, LALBA, TPT1, FTH1, M-SAA3, SPP1, GLYCAM1, EEF1A1, CTSD, FASN, RPS29, CSN1S1, KRT19 and CHEK1 were found between the top fifteen highly expressed genes. 418 loci were differentially expressed between lactation stages, among which 207 and 122 were significantly up- and down-regulated in colostrum, respectively. Functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis showed that in goat colostrum somatic cells predominate biological processes involved in glycolysis, carbohydrate metabolism, defense response, cytokine activity, regulation of cell proliferation and cell death, vasculature development, while in mature milk, biological process associated with positive regulation of lymphocyte activation and anatomical structure morphogenesis are enriched. The analysis of 144 different oligosaccharide metabolism-related genes showed that most of these (64%) were more expressed in colostrum than in mature milk, with eight expressed at very high levels (SLCA3, GMSD, NME2, SLC2A1, B4GALT1, B3GNT2, NANS, HEXB).ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first study comparing goat transcriptome of two lactation stages: colostrum and 120 days. Our findings suggest putative differences of expression between stages and can be envisioned as a base for further research in the topic. Moreover because a higher expression of genes involved in immune defense response, carbohydrate metabolism and related to oligosaccharide metabolism was identified in colostrum we here corroborate the potential of goat milk as a natural source of lactose-derived oligosaccharides and for the development of functional foods.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-016-0881-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…To understand what cell processes could be affected by these expression variations, we classified the 31 genes according to their function [23-51] (Table 2). We showed that a large part of these genes encoded adhesion proteins (around 30%), and only one of them was down-regulated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highlights of glycosylation and adhesion related genes involved in myogenesis

et al. 2014

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BackgroundMyogenesis is initiated by myoblast differentiation and fusion to form myotubes and muscle fibres. A population of myoblasts, known as satellite cells, is responsible for post-natal growth of muscle and for its regeneration. This differentiation requires many changes in cell behaviour and its surrounding environment. These modifications are tightly regulated over time and can be characterized through the study of changes in gene expression associated with this process. During the initial myogenesis steps, using the myoblast cell line C2C12 as a model, Janot et al. (2009) showed significant variations in expression for genes involved in pathways of glycolipid synthesis. In this study we used murine satellite cells (MSC) and their ability to differentiate into myotubes or early fat storage cells to select glycosylation related genes whose variation of expression is myogenesis specific.ResultsThe comparison of variant genes in both MSC differentiation pathways identified 67 genes associated with myogenesis. Comparison with data obtained for C2C12 revealed that only 14 genes had similar expression profiles in both cell types and that 17 genes were specifically regulated in MSC. Results were validated statistically by without a priori clustering. Classification according to protein function encoded by these 31 genes showed that the main regulated cellular processes during this differentiation were (i) remodeling of the extracellular matrix, particularly, sulfated structures, (ii) down-regulation of O-mannosyl glycan biosynthesis, and (iii) an increase in adhesion protein expression. A functional study was performed on Itga11 and Chst5 encoding two highly up-regulated proteins. The inactivation of Chst5 by specific shRNA delayed the fusion of MSC. By contrast, the inactivation of Itga11 by specific shRNA dramatically decreased the fusion ability of MSC. This result was confirmed by neutralization of Itga11 product by specific antibodies.ConclusionsOur screening method detected 31 genes specific for myogenic differentiation out of the 383 genes studied. According to their function, interaction networks of the products of these selected genes converged to cell fusion. Functional studies on Itga11 and Chst5 demonstrated the robustness of this screening.

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Differential gene expression of GDP‐L‐fucose‐synthesizing enzymes, GDP‐fucose transporter and fucosyltransferase VII

Cited by 18 publications

References 40 publications

Transcriptome Profiling of Bovine Milk Oligosaccharide Metabolism Genes Using RNA-Sequencing

Transcriptome Profiling of Bovine Milk Oligosaccharide Metabolism Genes Using RNA-Sequencing

RNA-Sequencing for profiling goat milk transcriptome in colostrum and mature milk

Highlights of glycosylation and adhesion related genes involved in myogenesis

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