Differential features of alluvial fans controlled by tectonic or eustatic accommodation space. Examples from the Betic Cordillera, Spain

Viseras, César; Calvache, María Luisa; Soria, Jesús M.; Fernández, Juan

doi:10.1016/s0169-555x(02)00214-3

Cited by 150 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Although tectonics and climate are the primary factors in controlling alluvial fan evolution (Bull 1977;Frostick & Reid 1989;Silva et al 1992;Ritter et al 1995;Viseras et al 2003;Harvey 2004;Robustelli et al 2009), it is often more difficult to determine their relative roles. Harvey et al (2005) suggest that fan evolution is controlled by both climatic change and tectonic processes over different timescales of 10 2 -10 4 years and in excess of 10 4 years, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are many studies regarding the role of tectonics and climate control on both the origins and the development of Quaternary alluvial fans in the literature (Bull 1967;Silva et al 1992;Ritter et al 1995;Frostick & Reid 1999;Viseras et al 2003;Harvey 2004;Harvey et al 2005;Robustelli et al 2009). These elements are commonly considered to be very important in understanding the recent evolution of young orogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, tectonic control may influence sediment production in the source area, and, together with gross topography, appears to primarily influence fan location, fan setting and gross fan geometry (Harvey et al 2005). Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that fan morphology and fan sediment sequences are dependent on tectonics and the amount of accommodation space (Silva et al 1992;Viseras et al 2003). Recently, Robustelli et al (2009) observed that tectonic and sea-level changes rather than climate conditions were the main factors in controlling the sediment/discharge ratio of alluvial fans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quaternary alluvial fan systems of the Agri intermontane basin (southern Italy): tectonic and climatic controls

Giano¹

2011

Geologica Carpathica

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Abstract:The Agri River high valley is a Quaternary intermontane basin located in southern Italy. The tectonic evolution of this basin was controlled by Lower Pleistocene strike-slip master faults, subsequently reactivated as normal faults until the Middle Pleistocene. The Quaternary sediments of the basin infill are mainly constituted of continental clastics, represented by coarse-grained alluvial deposits divided by unconformities. The arrangement of clastic deposits suggests that the Pleistocene to Holocene alluvial fan system developed along the eastern margin of the valley. Five generations of slope and alluvial fan systems have been recognized in the Agri basin. The oldest fans have formed on both slope and alluvial deposits. The younger alluvial fans are located along the entire valley floor and arose upon the earlier fan apexes originating in these valleys. The youngest fans are arranged in two different generations and show proximal facies distributed along the foot slopes. Plan view morphology, fan slope profiles, and sedimentary features of the fan system have been used here to determine the magnitude of the tectonic deformation episode affecting the faulted mountainous front of the Agri basin eastern margin. Both fast and slow tectonic episodes occurred during the different regional Quaternary tectonic stages that affected the southern Apennine chain. These tectonic episodes have therefore been analysed in relation to climatic conditions in order to determine their contributions to the evolution of the Pleistocene to Holocene fan systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quaternary alluvial fan systems of the Agri intermontane basin (southern Italy): tectonic and climatic controls

Giano¹

2011

Geologica Carpathica

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“…climate, tectonics and base level change) from internally-driven process-form feedbacks is often problematic. Previous studies of alluvial fans have demonstrated that these landforms afford considerable potential to contribute to this debate, not least because their limited extent (length) may promote relatively rapid and complex response to both internal and external perturbations (Hooke and Dorn, 1992;Harvey, 2002a;Viseras et al, 2003). Fieldbased interpretation of fan morphology and stratigraphy has often emphasized the role of external environmental forcing (Ritter et al, 1995;Whipple and Trayler, 1996;Harvey, 2002b;Hartley et al, 2005;Harvey, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

A numerical modelling and experimental study of flow width dynamics on alluvial fans

Nicholas

Clarke

Quine

2009

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Alluvial fans are dynamic landforms, the evolution of which is controlled by both external environmental forcing (climate, tectonics and base level change) and internal process‐form feedbacks. The latter include changes in flow configuration (between sheetflow and channelized flow states), driven by aggradation and degradation, which may in turn promote changes in sediment transport capacity. Recent numerical modelling indicates that such feedbacks may lead to dramatic and persistent fan entrenchment in the absence of external forcing. However, the parameterization of flow width within such models is untested to date and is subject to considerable uncertainty. This paper presents results from an experimental study of flow width dynamics on an aggrading fan in which spatial and temporal patterns of fan inundation are monitored continuously using analysis of digital vertical photography. Observed flow widths are compared with results from a simple theoretical model developed for non‐equilibrium (aggradational) conditions. Results demonstrate that the theoretical model is capable of capturing the first‐order characteristics of width adjustment over the course of the experiment, and indicate that flow width is a function of fan aggradation rate. This illustrates that models of alluvial flow width derived for equilibrium conditions may have limited utility in non‐equilibrium situations, despite their widespread use to date. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…Flume based results associated with alluvial fans and deltas are proven solutions for demonstrating sediment transport Postma et al 2008) and evolutional dynamics (Van dijk et al 2009;CLarke et al 2010) according to various impacts (Viseras et al 2003;niChoLas and Quine 2007a, b). Fluvial response to tectonic uplifts has been investigated from several aspects (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Confirmation of a theory: reconstruction of an alluvial plain development in a flume experiment

Bertalan¹,

Tóth²,

Szabó³

et al. 2016

Erdkunde

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Summary:Fluvial geomorphologists have tried to describe the outstanding tectonically affected avulsion process of Tisza River at the Great Hungarian Plain by various theoretical concepts. Flume experiments provide the ability to examine the main characteristic processes of a highlighted surface development theory under controlled settings within an accelerated time scale. Our goal was to reconstruct and refine these hypotheses from a new experimental point of view. Contrary to the previous flume studies focused on a highlighted mechanism, our experiment combined several processes for confirmation purposes. In this study we performed an experiment of the avulsion process mentioned above on a 12 x 5 x 2.5 m flume where a special instrument was planted under the sand layers in order to simulate the vertical tectonic movements. A terrestrial laser scanner was used to record the different stages of the topographic evolution. We shaped the initial surface and executed the main landscape forming processes according to theoretical descriptions then with modifications to examine the similarities and differences between the experimental outcomes and the theoretical evolution. The results of three different types of scenarios proved the key role of the uplifting Nyírség alluvial fan in the channel direction changing process of Tisza River. On the other hand, the role of Bodrogköz area had been questioned. Flume experiments with appropriate equipment can serve as a suitable tool for the reconstruction of surface development theories taking into account several landscape forming processes simultaneously.Zusammenfassung: Die außergewöhnliche, tektonisch bedingte Flussverlagerung der Theiß in der Großen Ungarischen Tiefebene beschäftigt die Fluvialmorphologie seit Langem und hat zu unterschiedlichen theoretischen Erklärungsansätzen geführt. Experimente in Versuchskanälen bieten die Möglichkeit, grundlegende Prozesse der Fluss-und Oberflächenge-nese einzelner theoretischer Ansätze unter kontrollierten und zeitlich beschleunigten Bedingungen zu untersuchen. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie bestand darin, die Hypothesen der Theiß Flussverlagerung von einer experimentellen Seite aus zu beleuchten. Angesicht der Komplexität der vorliegenden theoretischen Konzepte, bestand im Unterschied zu zahlreichen anderen Versuchskanalexperimenten, die Herausforderung dieser Studie in der Simulation eines multifaktoriellen Prozessgefüges. Die Experimente wurden in einem 12 x 5 x 2,5 m Versuchskanal durchgeführt, der durch einem Umbau so modifiziert wurde, dass unterschiedliche Zonen angehoben und abgesenkt werden können, um tektonische Bewegungen zu simulieren. Unterschiedliche Stadien der Oberflächengenese wurden mit einem terrestrischen Laserscanner erfasst. Ausgehend von einer initialen Oberfläche und wurden die Experimente entsprechend der theoretischen Konzepte durchlaufen und für Vergleichszwecke ergänzt durch Versuchsläufe mit leicht modifizierten Rahmenbedingungen. Im Ergebnis belegen die durchgeführten Experimente übereinstimmend die b...

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Differential features of alluvial fans controlled by tectonic or eustatic accommodation space. Examples from the Betic Cordillera, Spain

Cited by 150 publications

References 41 publications

Quaternary alluvial fan systems of the Agri intermontane basin (southern Italy): tectonic and climatic controls

Quaternary alluvial fan systems of the Agri intermontane basin (southern Italy): tectonic and climatic controls

A numerical modelling and experimental study of flow width dynamics on alluvial fans

Confirmation of a theory: reconstruction of an alluvial plain development in a flume experiment

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