Differential Expression of WOX Genes Mediates Apical-Basal Axis Formation in the Arabidopsis Embryo

Breuninger, Holger; Rikirsch, Enno; Hermann, Marita; Ueda, Minako; Laux, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2008.03.008

Cited by 355 publications

(412 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Functions of WOX8 and WOX9 in the apical domain appear to be at least partly mediated by downstream activation of WOX2 expression, which is absent in the embryo of wox8 wox9 double mutants (Breuninger et al, 2008). WOX2 expression alone appears suffi cient to confer important characteristics of the apical cell lineage (Breuninger et al, 2008).…”

Section: Apical-basal Polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent evidence suggests that SSP transcripts transferred from the male parent during fertilization are important in activating the YDA expression in the zygote (Bayer et al, 2009). Interestingly, mutant analysis suggests that WOX-dependent regulation and the MPK/YDA genes do not operate on a single linear pathway (Breuninger et al, 2008).…”

Section: Apical-basal Polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…WOX8 and WOX9 are closely related homologues that affect patterning and cell division in both the apical and basal cell lineages (Haecker et al, 2004;Wu et al, 2007;Breuninger et al, 2008). Functions of WOX8 and WOX9 in the apical domain appear to be at least partly mediated by downstream activation of WOX2 expression, which is absent in the embryo of wox8 wox9 double mutants (Breuninger et al, 2008). WOX2 expression alone appears suffi cient to confer important characteristics of the apical cell lineage (Breuninger et al, 2008).…”

Section: Apical-basal Polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and the hypophysis, and WOX8 the hypophysis and suspensor (Haecker et al, 2004). WOX8 and WOX9 are closely related homologues that affect patterning and cell division in both the apical and basal cell lineages (Haecker et al, 2004;Wu et al, 2007;Breuninger et al, 2008). Functions of WOX8 and WOX9 in the apical domain appear to be at least partly mediated by downstream activation of WOX2 expression, which is absent in the embryo of wox8 wox9 double mutants (Breuninger et al, 2008).…”

Section: Apical-basal Polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, much remains to be elucidated regarding the potential interdependencies or interactions between these processes. There is some evidence that the WOX cascade may impact upon subsequent processes and the directional fl ux of auxin, since WOX8 and 9 are required for normal PIN1 expression and formation of auxin perception maxima in the early globular stage (Breuninger et al, 2008).…”

Section: Apical-basal Polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Embryogenesis: Pattern Formation from a Single Cell

Capron

Chatfield

Provart

et al. 2009

The Arabidopsis Book

101

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During embryogenesis a single cell gives rise to a functional multicellular organism. In higher plants, as in many other multicellular systems, essential architectural features, such as body axes and major tissue layers are established early in embryogenesis and serve as a positional framework for subsequent pattern elaboration. In Arabidopsis, the apicalbasal axis and the radial pattern of tissues wrapped around it are already recognizable in young embryos of only about a hundred cells in size. This early axial pattern seems to provide a coordinate system for the embryonic initiation of shoot and root. Findings from genetic studies in Arabidopsis are revealing molecular mechanisms underlying the initial establishment of the axial core pattern and its subsequent elaboration into functional shoots and roots. The genetic programs operating in the early embryo organize functional cell patterns rapidly and reproducibly from minimal cell numbers. Understanding their molecular details could therefore greatly expand our ability to generate plant body patterns de novo, with important implications for plant breeding and biotechnology.

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Section: Apical-basal Polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Apical-basal Polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Apical-basal Polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Apical-basal Polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Apical-basal Polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Embryogenesis: Pattern Formation from a Single Cell

Capron

Chatfield

Provart

et al. 2009

The Arabidopsis Book

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Plant Embryogenesis (Zygotic and Somatic)

Harada

Belmonte

Kwong

2010

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Zygotic embryogenesis in higher plants describes the developmental period in which the zygote undergoes a series of differentiation events, leading to the formation of a mature embryo. Establishment of the major embryonic organs and shoot and root apical meristems occur though partitioning events along the apical–basal axis, and many of these events are guided by the hormone auxin . Formation of the three embryonic tissue systems occurs along a radial axis perpendicular to the apical–basal axis. The mature zygotic embryo is generally developmentally arrested, metabolically quiescent and enclosed within maternal tissues of the seed. Somatic cells can be induced to divert from their normal fate and develop into embryos in a process termed somatic embryogenesis. Auxin and other plant hormones appear to play critical roles in inducing embryogenic competence. Zygotic and somatic embryogenesis represent parallel developmental programs in which cells acquire embryogenic cell fate and develop into mature embryos. Key Concepts: Embryo development can be divided into two phases: the morphogenesis phase in which the basic body plan of the embryo is established, and the maturation phase in which the embryo becomes tolerant of desiccation and accumulates storage macromolecules such as lipids, proteins and starch. During its development, the embryo is divided into distinct domains along its apical–basal and radial axes. Plant embryo formation represents a series of partitioning events in which organs and tissues are formed from larger domains. Cell fate within the embryo is largely dependent on the position of the cell within the embryo body. Plant cells are totipotent and have the ability to regenerate a fully differentiated organism. Somatic embryos follow similar developmental patterns to their zygotic counterparts, and they occur naturally or are induced in culture. Establishment of embryogenic competence occurs before the formation of the somatic embryo.

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Epidermis: Outer Cell Layer of the Plant

Glover

Airoldi

Moyroud

2016

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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The epidermis is the protective outer layer of clonally related cells covering all plant organs. It is composed of a number of specialised cell types which differentiate from the basal epidermal cell in adaptively significant frequencies and patterns. The epidermis is unique in developing solely through anticlinal divisions, generating a sheet of cells overlying the rest of the plant. This sheet is connected physically and biochemically to the cell layers below, with information exchange occurring in both directions. The specialised cell types within the epidermis develop either through communication among themselves, or, in some cases, through communication also with the underlying cell layers. Brief descriptions of the molecular genetic control of trichomes, stomata, root hairs and petal conical‐papillate epidermal cells are provided here, along with a summary of the role of the cuticle in epidermal cell morphology and of the interplay between cuticle regulation and cell morphology. Key Concepts The plant epidermis is a single layer of clonally related cells. Plant epidermis fulfils a basic protective function, but specialised cells within the epidermis have specific roles. The seedling epidermis arises by isolation of the outer layer during embryogenesis. The aerial epidermis and the root epidermis originate later, in the shoot apical meristem and in the root apical meristem, respectively. Stomatal guard cells allow gas exchange, and their patterning is controlled by cell‐lineage‐based developmental mechanisms. Trichomes protect the plant from herbivores, and their patterning is controlled by cell–cell interactions. Root hairs increase surface area for water and nutrient uptake, and are patterned according to positional signals. The cuticle overlying the epidermis can contribute to epidermal cell shape and function. There is interplay between the regulation of epidermal cell shape and the regulation of cuticle production.

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Differential Expression of WOX Genes Mediates Apical-Basal Axis Formation in the Arabidopsis Embryo

Cited by 355 publications

References 35 publications

Embryogenesis: Pattern Formation from a Single Cell

Embryogenesis: Pattern Formation from a Single Cell

Plant Embryogenesis (Zygotic and Somatic)

Epidermis: Outer Cell Layer of the Plant

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