Differential Expression of Proteins and mRNAs from Border Cells and Root Tips of Pea

Brigham, Lindy A.; Woo, Ho-Hyung; Nicoll, S. M.; Hawes, Martha C.

doi:10.1104/pp.109.2.457

Cited by 90 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…However, increasing evidence is available that ATP-binding cassette transporters in the roots are involved in the translocation of phytochemicals into the rhizosphere, indicating that plants actively secrete metabolites into the environment (LoyolaVargas et al 2007;Badri et al 2008). A wide variety of plants possess specialized root cells that contain many mitochondria, Golgi stacks and Golgi-derived vesicles, indicative of active secretion of metabolites (Brigham et al 1995(Brigham et al , 1999Hawes et al 2000;Vicré et al 2005). These cells were designated border cells; they become detached from the root and enmeshed in the mucilage surrounding the root surface (Hawes et al 1998).…”

Section: Root Exudates Influence Soil Microbial Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of root exudates and plant defense signaling on bacterial communities in the rhizosphere. A review

Doornbos

Loon

Bakker

2011

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

569

313

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Despite significant advances in crop protection, plant diseases cause a 20% yield loss in food and cash crops worldwide. Therefore, interactions between plants and pathogens have been studied in great detail. In contrast, the interplay between plants and non-pathogenic microorganisms has received scant attention, and differential responses of plants to pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms are as yet not well understood. Plants affect their rhizosphere microbial communities that can contain beneficial, neutral and pathogenic elements. Interactions between the different elements of these communities have been studied in relation to biological control of plant pathogens. One of the mechanisms of disease control is induced systemic resistance (ISR). Studies on biological control of plant diseases have focused on ISR the last decade, because ISR is effective against a wide range of pathogens and thus offers serious potential for practical applications in crop protection. Such applications may however affect microbial communities associated with plant roots and interfere with the functioning of the root microbiota. Here, we review the possible impact of plant defense signaling on bacterial communities in the rhizosphere. To better assess implications of shifts in the rhizosphere microflora we first review effects of root exudates on soil microbial communities. Current knowledge on inducible defense signaling in plants is discussed in the context of recognition and systemic responses to pathogenic and beneficial microorganisms. Finally, the as yet limited knowledge on effects of plant defense on rhizosphere microbial communities is reviewed and we discuss future directions of research that will contribute to unravel the molecular interplay of plants and their beneficial microflora.

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Section: Root Exudates Influence Soil Microbial Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of root exudates and plant defense signaling on bacterial communities in the rhizosphere. A review

Doornbos

Loon

Bakker

2011

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

569

313

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“…These cells play a fundamental role in controlling the interaction of plant roots with neighboring organisms within the soil (Hawes et al, 2000;Gunawardena and Hawes, 2002;Cannesan et al, 2011). Upon their separation from the root cap, border cells become uniquely differentiated, producing proteins and metabolites that are distinct from those made by the root cap cells (Brigham et al, 1995;Wen et al, 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the Responses of Root Border-Like Cells of Arabidopsis and Flax to Pathogen-Derived Elicitors

et al. 2013

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Plant pathogens including fungi and bacteria cause many of the most serious crop diseases. The plant innate immune response is triggered upon recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) such as flagellin22 and peptidoglycan. To date, very little is known of MAMP-mediated responses in roots. Root border cells are cells that originate from root caps and are released individually into the rhizosphere. Root tips of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and flax (Linum usitatissimum) release cells known as "border-like cells." Whereas root border cells of pea (Pisum sativum) are clearly involved in defense against fungal pathogens, the function of border-like cells remains to be established. In this study, we have investigated the responses of root border-like cells of Arabidopsis and flax to flagellin22 and peptidoglycan. We found that both MAMPs triggered a rapid oxidative burst in root border-like cells of both species. The production of reactive oxygen species was accompanied by modifications in the cell wall distribution of extensin epitopes. Extensins are hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins that can be cross linked by hydrogen peroxide to enhance the mechanical strength of the cell wall. In addition, both MAMPs also caused deposition of callose, a well-known marker of MAMP-elicited defense. Furthermore, flagellin22 induced the overexpression of genes involved in the plant immune response in root border-like cells of Arabidopsis. Our findings demonstrate that root borderlike cells of flax and Arabidopsis are able to perceive an elicitation and activate defense responses. We also show that cell wall extensin is involved in the innate immunity response of root border-like cells.

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“…In vitro, for example, border cells can drastically and specifically alter the distribution of funga1 zoospores on the root within minutes (Goldberg et al, 1989). Such effects presumably are conditioned by specific gene expression patterns now known to occur in border cells (Brigham et al, 1995b). As soon as root cap cells differentiate into border cells, a massive s w i t c h in transcription occurs, followed by the synthesis of an array of low-molecular-weight proteins that are exported almost immediately into the externa1 environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vol. 115, 1997 within the root tip, which synthesize and export a highmolecular-weight mucilage (Rougier, 1981); (b) root border cells, which synthesize and export an array of lowmolecular-weight proteins (Brigham et al, 1995b); and (c) cell wall polysaccharides and other structural components that are degraded during border cell separation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of Microbial Genes for Pathogenesis and Symbiosis by Chemicals from Root Border Cells

1997

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Reporter strains of soil-borne bacteria were used to test the hypothesis that chemicals released by root border cells can influente the expression of bacterial genes required for the establishment of plant-microbe associations. Promoters from genes known to be activated by plant factors included vir€, required for Agrobacferium fumefaciens pathogenesis, and common nod genes from Rhizobium leguminosarum bv viciae and Rhizobium melilofi, required for nodulation of pea (Pisum sativum) and alfalfa (Medicago safivum), respectively. Also included was phzB, an autoinducible gene encoding the biosynthesis of antibiotics by Pseudomonas aureofaciens. The vir€ and nod genes were activated to different degrees, depending on the source of border cells, whereas phzB activity remained unaffected. The homologous interaction between R. leguminosarum bv viciae and its host, pea, was examined in

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Differential Expression of Proteins and mRNAs from Border Cells and Root Tips of Pea

Cited by 90 publications

References 21 publications

Impact of root exudates and plant defense signaling on bacterial communities in the rhizosphere. A review

Impact of root exudates and plant defense signaling on bacterial communities in the rhizosphere. A review

Deciphering the Responses of Root Border-Like Cells of Arabidopsis and Flax to Pathogen-Derived Elicitors

Induction of Microbial Genes for Pathogenesis and Symbiosis by Chemicals from Root Border Cells

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