Differential Expression of Prophetic Variables of Diagnostic Importance Having Potential Role in the Development of Diabetic Nephropathy

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM), a metabolic syndrome with abnormality in metabolism of carbohydrates, protein and lipids, and characterized by absolute and relative deficiency of insulin secretion. DM leads to its most common and frequent complication- Diabetic kidney disease. Oxidative stress induced by decreased antioxidant defenses and/or increased free radical formation are involved in causative factor and disease in diabetics, is an evidence-based study. Materials and Methods: Place of Study: This studied group consisted of 100 subjects with diabetic nephropathy recruited from Jinnah hospital Lahore. Study Design: A comparative Clinical study. Objectives: The present study was designed to investigate the key processes involved in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Population size: total 100 patients were selected Data collection procedure: Five ml of venous blood sample was taken from the antecubital vein of each participant. The sample bottles were centrifuged within one hour of collection, after which the serum was separated and stored at -70°C until assayed. The subjects with the history of taking drugs (Including alcohol and cigarette), pre-diagnosis medications (e.g. antiparkinsonian/antipsychotic), were excluded from this study. Data Analysis Plan: Results were analyzed through T test by using SPSS version 16. Results: Hematological profile of diabetic nephropathy patients were observed. Abnormal changes were found in platelet count and lymphocytes predicting coagulation and inflammation inside body. Antioxidants (SOD, CAT, GSH-GPx) and vitamins (A, E, C, D) were decreased. Oxidative markers and inflammatory markers such as MDA, MPO, and AOPPs were found to be increased. Practical Implication: Present study will bring a positive change in the field of diabetology and will bring ease in the life of patients in the community . Conclusion: Owing to present facts it is clear that hyperglycemia activates the various signaling pathways and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, which further activates signaling cascades which causes the structural and functional alterations in kidney that enhance the complications associated with diabetic nephropathy. Keywords: Diabetic kidney disease, Oxidative stress, Reactive oxygen species, Antioxidants, AOPPs