Differential expression of neuropeptide F during embryogenesis, and its promoting effect on embryonic development of the freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Differential expression of neuropeptide F in the digestive organs of female freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, during the ovarian cycle

“…In female M. rosenbergii , we found significant MrNPF-ir in the Ep and HGG of the HG, implying that MrNPF may be important in regulating HG motility and coordinating defecation through the anus. Previously, we also found the presence of strong MrNPF-ir in neurons and fibers within the A6 abdominal ganglion of female M. rosenbergii (Tinikul et al 2022b ). Thus, it is possible that MrNPF fibers from the A6 ganglion may innervate and control activities of the HG.…”

“…Nonspecific binding was blocked by incubating the sections in a humidified chamber for 2 h in a blocking solution containing 10% normal goat serum (NGS) and 0.4% triton-X in PBS (PBST). The sections were incubated in the primary antiserum, a rabbit polyclonal antibody against MrNPF (anti-MrNPF), diluted 1:400, which was produced and tested for its specificity, as previously described (Thongrod et al 2017 ; Tinikul et al 2022b ). Additionally, mouse anti-E-Cadherin (diluted 1:100, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), mouse anti-PGP9.5/UCHL-1 (pan-neuronal marker, diluted 1:100, Santa Cruz Biotechnology,), and mouse anti-Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) (motor neuron marker, diluted 1:100, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) were used.…”

“…During the ovarian cycle, the numbers of MrNPF-ir positive cells in the digestive organs were counted and compared using the methods previously described (Tinikul et al 2022b ). The digital pictures were inspected and taken at ×20 and ×40 magnifications.…”

“…The intensity of MrNPF-ir in numerous digestive organ regions was assessed using ImageJ software (NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA, available on the internet: http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij/ ), as previously described (Tinikul et al 2022b ), with some modifications. Digital pictures of the sections at magnifications of ×20 and ×40 were acquired from five randomized sections of each area to be examined.…”

“…The freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii , is a highly valuable aquatic species that is cultured worldwide, including in Thailand (New and Nair 2012 ; Tinikul et al 2022a , b ). Several neurohormones produced and released by the X-organ-sinus gland complex (XO-SG) in the eyestalks are involved in controlling ovarian development in female prawns (Jayasankar et al 2020 ), and this may be linked to the nutritional status of the prawns.…”