Differential expression of adhesion molecules by chicken heterophils activated in vivo with Salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokines

The effects of the BT/TAMUS 2032 cationic peptides on innate immunity and susceptibility of young chickens to extraintestinal Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis infection

“…In previous studies, we reported that the administration of SE-immune cytokines induces protection against salmonellae within 24 h in neonatal poultry [22][23][24][25]. Mechanistically, protection was associated with a potentiation of the biological functions of the circulating heterophils including adherence, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and bacterial killing [12,26,27]. The cytokinemediated functional activation of the heterophils lasts about 5 days and coincides with the maturation of natural host resistance to salmonellosis [28].…”

Mannheimia haemolyticaand Its Leukotoxin Cause Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation by Bovine Neutrophils

“…Previous reports have demonstrated that neutrophils from several vertebrate species, human eosinophils and mast cells, and chicken heterophils all form extracellular traps (12,13,19,34,38,43,48,49,68,73). All these cells express CD18, which is involved in transendothelial migration of leukocytes from the bloodstream into tissue at sites of infection (45,47,54,60,61,75). Because CD18 is expressed by cell types capable of forming extracellular traps, Previous research demonstrated that only 10 to 33% of human neutrophils formed NETs in response to a single exposure to a stimulus in vitro (13,31).…”

Cytokines and prevention of infectious diseases in poultry: A review

“…Moreover, the protection conferred by the cytokines lasts only 5 to 10 days (McGruder et al, 1995a;Kogut et al, 1996;Genovese et al, 2000). Mechanistically, protection was associated with an enhanced inflammatory response characterized by: (a) a dramatic granulopoiesis with a resultant peripheral blood heterophilia (Kogut et al, 1994b), (b) a potentiatio n of the biological functions of the circulating heterophils including adherence, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and bacterial killing (Kogut et al, 1995;Moyes et al, 1998), (c) a directed influx of these activated heterophils to the site of bacterial invasion Kogut et al, 1994a), and (d) a direct correlation between the number of peripheral blood heterophils or peritoneal heterophils and protection against SE organ invasion and SEinduced mortality, respectively (Kogut et al, 1994b(Kogut et al, , 1995. The cytokine-mediated functional activation of the heterophils lasts about 5 days, which coincides with the maturation of natural host resistance to salmonellosis (Ziprin et al, 1989).…”