Differential effects of the brefeldin A analogue (6R)-hydroxy-BFA in tobacco and Arabidopsis

Abstract

The effects of two brefeldin A (BFA) analogues (BFA lactam; 6(R)-hydroxy-BFA) on plant cells were tested. Although these two compounds elicited BFA-like effects in mammalian cells, the lactam analogue failed to elicit a response in plant cells. By contrast, while the 6(R)-hydroxy-BFA analogue gave rise to a classic BFA response in tobacco mesophyll protoplasts and true leaves of Arabidopsis (redistribution of Golgi enzymes into the ER), it failed to cause the formation of BFA-compartments in Arabidopsis root cells and cotyledonary leaves. Even when the GNL1-LM mutant of Arabidopsis, which has a cis-Golgi located BFA-sensitive ARF-GEF, was used, the 6(R)-hydroxy analogue failed to elicit a response at conventional BFA concentrations. Only at concentrations of over 200 μM did 6(R)-hydroxy-BFA elicit a BFA-like effect. These differences are interpreted in terms of the different properties of the respective TGN- (Arabidopsis roots) and cis-Golgi- (tobacco mesophyll) localized BFA-sensitive ARF-GEFs.

Vesicle Dynamics during Plant Cell Cytokinesis Reveals Distinct Developmental Phases

“…Furthermore, during this early stage, cell plate formation is prevented when ER-toGolgi transport is inhibited by low BFA concentration (Ritzenthaler et al, 2002;Lam et al, 2009;Langhans et al, 2011) or when CHX is administered prior to DNA condensation to interfere with de novo protein synthesis. When CHX was applied after DNA segregation, the cell plate was initiated unhindered.…”

The Plant Trans-Golgi Network: Not Just a Matter of Distinction

“…Brefeldin A (BFA) is a fungal inhibitor that causes aggregation of TGN, endosomal, and Golgi material in large intracellular bodies (Langhans et al, 2011). Regeneration of Golgi and TGN populations after the removal of BFA from treated cells proceeded independently in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) BY2 cells (Ito et al, 2017), supporting the notion that plant TGN is an independent organelle.…”

Helping Hands for Budding Prospects: ENTH/ANTH/VHS Accessory Proteins in Endocytosis, Vacuolar Transport, and Secretion

“…This notion is supported by virtually identical expression patterns and complete colocalization at the TGN. Treatment of Arabidopsis cells with the trafficking inhibitor Brefeldin A causes the TGN to aggregate in so-called BFA bodies (Langhans et al, 2011). Intriguingly, both MTV1 and AGD5/NEV localize to the periphery of the BFA body, which may indicate the presence of different types of TGN.…”