Differential Effects of Permanent and Rotating Shifts on Self-Report Sleep Length: A Meta-Analytic Review

Pilcher, June J.; Lambert, Barbara J.; Huffcutt, Allen I.

doi:10.1093/sleep/23.2.1b

Cited by 252 publications

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“…Accordingly, the present results may reflect a differential sensitivity of the tasks to sleep deprivation as shift-work is associated with systematic partial sleep loss (Pilcher et al, 2000). Our results only partly support this assumption.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

“…A nocturnal drop was found for task performance and self-reported alertness, despite a lack of control for a number of factors that have been shown to affect psychological measures in controlled laboratory conditions, including light exposure, noise and motivation (Smith, McEvoy, & Gevins, 2002;Wright et al, 2002). In shift-workers, the nocturnal decline of psychological measures is generally aggravated by chronic sleep deprivation (Akerstedt, 1991;Dinges et al, 1996;Fletcher & Dawson, 2001;Pilcher et al, 2000). (Della Rocco & Nesthus, 2005;Knauth, 1996;Tucker et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shift-work would further aggravate the nocturnal decline in cognitive abilities observed under controlled conditions due to a chronic sleep debt that shift-workers carry over to the night-shift and also to day-shifts following early morning-shift start (Akerstedt, 1991; Dinges, Pack, Williams, Gillen, Powell, et al, 1997;Fletcher & Dawson, 2001;Pilcher, Lambert, & Huffcutt, 2000). Though a nocturnal work performance drop has been reported in several studies (for a review: Folkard & Tucker, 2003), reliable performance measures may not be available in all occupational settings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of task performance variations according to task requirements and alertness across the 24-h day in shift workers

2008

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The study investigated time-of-day effects on task performance in shift-workers in different tasks (reaction-time, discrimination, probe recognition, free recall), by varying task-specific features. On each of six recordings, each programmed on a different day and in a randomized order, operators rated alertness and performed different tasks. Self-rated alertness varied according to a typical diurnal trend.Time of day also affected reaction time (slower responses at 03:00), discrimination performance (lower accuracy at 03:00 in the most difficult condition), and recall (superior recall at 07:00 and 11:00 following deeper processing at encoding). The data demonstrated time-of-day effects on cognitive processes also involved in many real-job activities, despite the lack of control for a number of exogenous factors known to interfere with performance in work settings. Since in the cognitively more loaded tasks, time-of-day effects depended on task conditions, the findings are of operational concern in shift-work situations involving differential task requirements.Keywords: Shift-workers, Alertness, Reaction time, Non-verbal Discrimination, Memory TasksPage 2 of 68 URL: http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/terg E-mail: ergonomics@tandf.co.uk Ergonomics 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 Statement of relevanceIn a real-job setting, performance variations were observed according to time-ofday and task-requirements in a set of cognitively more or less demanding tasks.Task-specific research across the 24-h day enables a better understanding of operators' tasks and the development of supporting technology. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 IntroductionOver the last few decades, a number of studies showed how performance measures are affected by sleep drive (homeostatic influence) and circadian phase.The demonstration of an interaction of circadian phase and time awake in the regulation of performance came from laboratory studies under controlled conditions and/or manipulation of the sleep/wake cycle (for a review, Akerstedt, 2007). Several theoretical models conceptualized this interaction by proposing an optimal position and duration for sleep, with any deviation impairing performance and alertness (Folkard & Akerstedt, 1992;Achermann & Borbély, 1994; Van Dongen, Maislin, Mullington, & Dinges, 2003). Systematic performance measures in relation to different simulated shift systems further confirmed a sharp performance drop in the early morning hours (Colquhoun, 1969). This was observed in most tasks that require sustained attention, such as reaction time performance or throughput in cognitive tasks (Fröberg, 1975;Colquhoun, 1968; Johnson, 19...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of task performance variations according to task requirements and alertness across the 24-h day in shift workers

2008

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“…One of the primary causes of the reduction in total sleep time is early termination of the sleep period due to early start time of the scheduled morning shift (13,16). During the baseline phase, participants did not advance their bedtime to compensate for the early rise time associated with the morning shift.…”

Section: Clock Time (Hours)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sleep duration prior to an early-morning shift is often limited to 5-6 hours (13,14). Reduction in the nocturnal sleep duration of early-morning shift workers results from premature termination of sleep due to the inherently early work start time without a concomittent advancement of bedtime (15).…”

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A phase-advanced, extended sleep paradigm to increase sleep duration among early-morning shift workers: a preliminary investigation

Yeung¹,

Rajaratnam²

2010

Scand J Work Environ Health

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Yeung J, Sletten TL, Rajaratnam SM. A phase-advanced, extended sleep paradigm to increase sleep duration among early-morning shift workers: a preliminary investigation. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2011;37(1):62-69 Objective In this preliminary study, using a within-subjects design, we investigated the effects of phaseadvancing bedtime on sleep quality and duration among early-morning shift workers. MethodsThe sleep-wake patterns of 16 healthy volunteers who work shifts with start times between 04.00-07.30 hours were recorded by wrist actigraphy and sleep diary for two weeks. In week 1, we assessed the habitual sleep-wake pattern. In week 2, participants were required to advance their bedtime to 10 hours before the start of the morning shift. Subjective sleepiness was assessed three times each day.Results Total sleep time was longer (1.4 hours) for sleep episodes that occurred prior to days off from work compared to those prior to early-morning shifts. The intervention resulted in bedtime being advanced by 1.5 hours and total sleep time being increased by 1.0 hour, without changes to the latency, efficiency or quality of sleep, or activity level during the sleep episode. A small reduction in daytime sleepiness was found during the intervention phase for assessments taken just prior to bedtime.Conclusions Sleep duration among early-morning shift workers is substantially truncated due to their work schedules. When participants were instructed to advance their bedtime for one week, these individuals were able to increase sleep duration without affecting sleep quality. We suggest longer term studies testing the efficacy of sleep extension as a low-cost, behavioral intervention for improving health and safety outcomes among earlymorning shift workers.

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Sleep, Work, and Well‐Being

Carleton¹,

Barling²

2017

The Handbook of Stress and Health

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Differential Effects of Permanent and Rotating Shifts on Self-Report Sleep Length: A Meta-Analytic Review

Cited by 252 publications

References 0 publications

Investigation of task performance variations according to task requirements and alertness across the 24-h day in shift workers

Investigation of task performance variations according to task requirements and alertness across the 24-h day in shift workers

A phase-advanced, extended sleep paradigm to increase sleep duration among early-morning shift workers: a preliminary investigation

Sleep, Work, and Well‐Being

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