“…An understanding of how these drugs initiate enhanced learning and memory is valuable from two perspectives: first, such drugs could be useful as cognitive enhancers in humans with memory impairments, and second, amphetamines as drugs of abuse are believed to produce persistent memory by inducing a type of pathological memory (Berke and Hyman, 2000;Hamilton and Kolb, 2005;Huang et al, 2009;Liu et al, 2005;O'Brien et al, 1992;Robinson and Kolb, 2004;Thomas et al, 2008;Wise, 2000;Wolf et al, 2004). Most of the focus on psychostimulants has been on the ability of amphetamines to enhance formation of several different forms of memory (Blaiss and Janak, 2006;Blaiss and Janak, 2007;Fenu and Di Chiara, 2003;Janak and Martinez, 1992;McGaugh, 2000;Oscos et al, 1988;Packard and Teather, 1998;Simon and Setlow, 2006;Wiig et al, 2009).…”