Differential Effects of Immunosuppressive Drugs on Human T, B, and K Lymphocytes

Thomas, F; Thomas, Judith M.; Mendez, G; Lower, Richard R.; Hm, Lee

doi:10.1097/00007890-197712000-00006

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In the rabbit (36), goat (26), and bovine (3) ,B-casein promoters, the corresponding sequence TCA'lTITTCT also binds YY1, albeit with lower affinity. The consensus binding site of YY1 (also called CF-1, b, or NF-El) on different promoters consists of the core CCATnT (25).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nuclear factor YY1 participates in repression of the beta-casein gene promoter in mammary epithelial cells and is counteracted by mammary gland factor during lactogenic hormone induction.

Meier¹,

Groner²

1994

Mol. Cell. Biol.

135

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(29,30). MGF binding activity is regulated in vivo and in vitro. High levels were found in nuclear extracts derived from mammary cells of lactating mice and in HC11 cells induced with lactogenic hormones. The regulation of the DNA binding activity of MGF is at least in part due to its state of phosphorylation (30,31).The introduction of mutations into the promoter sequence and gene transfer into HC11 cells revealed the presence of additional regulatory elements in the 1-casein gene promoter. A negatively acting element was found in the region adjacent to the MGF binding site. This element located between -110 and -150 seems to be constituted by two interacting half sites. Mutations in the distal half site (-135 to -145) or in the proximal half site (-110 to -120) by themselves had little effect on the rate of transcription. The simultaneous mutations of both sites resulted in a high level of hormone-independent transcription. Two specific DNAprotein complexes were formed when DNA from this region was used as a probe in band shift experiments. These complexes were down-regulated in extracts of induced cells.These observations led us to propose that one mechanism by which hormones regulate ,-casein transcription is the relief of repression (29).We have further investigated the DNA-protein complexes formed by this promoter region and found that a novel nuclear factor binds to the proximal half of the negative 128 on March 24, 2019 by guest

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nuclear factor YY1 participates in repression of the beta-casein gene promoter in mammary epithelial cells and is counteracted by mammary gland factor during lactogenic hormone induction.

Meier¹,

Groner²

1994

Mol. Cell. Biol.

135

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show abstract

“…The YY1 site with the sequence CCAT'T1CT is present between -110 and -120 in the rat (17) and mouse (40) 1-casein promoters. In the rabbit (36), goat (26), and bovine (3) ,B-casein promoters, the corresponding sequence TCA'lTITTCT also binds YY1, albeit with lower affinity. The consensus binding site of YY1 (also called CF-1, b, or NF-El) on different promoters consists of the core CCATnT (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nuclear factor YY1 participates in repression of the beta-casein gene promoter in mammary epithelial cells and is counteracted by mammary gland factor during lactogenic hormone induction

Meier

Groner

1994

Molecular and Cellular Biology

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Expression of the beta-casein milk protein gene in the mammary epithelial cell line HC11 is primarily regulated at the transcriptional level. A 338-bp segment of promoter sequence 5' of the transcription start site is sufficient to confer inducibility by the lactogenic hormones insulin, glucocorticoid hormone, and prolactin. Positively and negatively acting promoter elements and specific DNA binding proteins have been identified. The binding of the mammary gland factor MGF to a site between -80 and -100 is indispensable for hormonal induction of transcription. Binding of MGF activity to DNA is greatly enhanced by the action of the lactogenic hormones. Repression of transcription in the uninduced state is mediated by a promoter element located adjacent to the MGF binding site at positions -110 to -150. This repressor element consists of two interacting protein binding sites. A nuclear factor that binds specifically to the proximal site between positions -110 and -120 has been characterized and found to be identical with the nuclear factor YY1 (delta, NF-E1). YY1 does not bind to the distal site. The simultaneous mutation in the proximal and the distal sites results in high, hormone-independent transcription. This finding suggests that YY1 plays a functional role in the repression and acts in conjunction with a second DNA binding protein. Comparison of YY1 DNA binding activity in uninduced and hormone-induced cells showed that relief of repression is not mediated by changes in the concentration or binding affinity of YY1. Infection of HC11 cells with a YY1-expressing recombinant retrovirus resulted in overexpression of YY1 but did not suppress hormonal induction. The addition of purified MGF decreased YY1 binding to its DNA recognition site in vitro. This finding indicates that MGF regulates the DNA binding activity of YY1 and thereby may cause the relief of transcriptional repression.

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“…Monitoring of total T cell levels has not been shown to be of value (Sengar 1977, Thomas 1977. As different subsets have different roles and actions in the immune response, groups started to study the relative increase or decrease in these respective groups.…”

Section: Cd4/cd8 Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomonitoring of renal transplant recipients in the early posttransplant period by analysis of cytokine gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Gibbs¹,

Sadek²,

Cameron³

et al. 2001

Transplantation Proceedings

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Differential Effects of Immunosuppressive Drugs on Human T, B, and K Lymphocytes

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

The nuclear factor YY1 participates in repression of the beta-casein gene promoter in mammary epithelial cells and is counteracted by mammary gland factor during lactogenic hormone induction.

The nuclear factor YY1 participates in repression of the beta-casein gene promoter in mammary epithelial cells and is counteracted by mammary gland factor during lactogenic hormone induction.

The nuclear factor YY1 participates in repression of the beta-casein gene promoter in mammary epithelial cells and is counteracted by mammary gland factor during lactogenic hormone induction

Immunomonitoring of renal transplant recipients in the early posttransplant period by analysis of cytokine gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells

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