Differential Effects of Green Tea–Derived Catechin on Developing Versus Established Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E–Null Mice

Abstract

Background-Oxidative stress has been implicated in vascular injury and atherogenesis, and antioxidant treatment has shown favorable results in preclinical studies. Despite this, antioxidant therapy has failed to show benefit in clinical trials. Failure of antioxidants in clinical trials may be partly because such therapy is started after atherosclerosis is already well established, whereas the benefits in animal models may be results from early initiation of antioxidants while atherosclerosis is still evolving. Methods and Results-To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the main antioxidant derived from green tea, on evolving and established atherosclerotic lesions in hypercholesterolemic apolipoprotein E-null mice. Established native aortic atherosclerotic lesions and evolving atherosclerotic lesions produced by periadventitial cuff injury to carotid arteries were assessed in mice after 21 and 42 days of treatment with daily intraperitoneal injections of EGCG (10 mg/kg) or PBS. EGCG treatment resulted in an increase in the antioxidant capacity in local vascular tissue and systemic circulation and reduced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and redox-sensitive gene activation in vitro. EGCG reduced cuff-induced evolving atherosclerotic plaque size at 21 and 42 days by 55% and 73%, respectively, compared with PBS treatment (PϽ0.05). Conversely, EGCG had no effect on established lesions in the aortic sinuses or the rest of the aorta. Conclusions-Our data suggest that antioxidant EGCG differentially reduces evolving atherosclerotic lesions without influencing established atherosclerosis in the apolipoprotein E-null mice.

Influence of Geographical Regions on Catechin and Caffeine Levels in Tea (<i>Camellia sinensis</i>)

“…Catechins have been reported to be potent biomolecules responsible for the health benefits associated with regular drinking of tea [4] [5]. Studies have shown that catechins possess beneficial physiological activities such as antioxidants [6] [7], hypocholesterolemiant [8] [9], anti-atherosclerotic [10], anti-inflammatory [11], and anti-HIV activities [12].…”

Reduction of diet-induced obesity by a combination of tea-catechin intake and regular swimming

“…Cat have been reported to have a variety of properties, including antibacterial 13 and anticarcinogenic activity, 14 in addition to their antidiabetic 15 and antiatherogenic effects. 16,17 Consequently, there is growing interest in the use of Cat for the treatment and prevention of human diseases. We have been studying the antiobesity effects of tea Cat in humans and rodents.…”

An Antioxidant Capacity Assay Using a Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based DPPH Pellet

“…Green tea is known to contain high levels of antioxidant components such as catechin (a polyphenolic antioxidant), and has been shown to provide various health benefits, based on extensive studies in humans and animals. [12][13][14] The DPPH antioxidant assay using PVA-based pellets offers a simple and practical method for measuring the antioxidant capacity of natural products.…”