Differential effects of environmental conditions on the commercially important attributes and postharvest quality of pomegranate fruit

Abstract

To investigate the effects of varying climate conditions on the commercial production and shelf life of pomegranate, the main qualitative characteristics of fruit were compared in two pomegranate varieties in their traditional habitats and a new location. Our results revealed that most fruit traits were influenced by growing zones. Specifically, the content of anthocyanin, red color (a*) in aril and fruit peel, as well as titratable acidity in both varieties were significantly decreased in the new, warmer habitat, while, the antioxidant content experienced a more moderate reduction in the new place. On the other hand, the fruits grown in the new climate had substantially higher maturity index and hardness, as well as L* and b* pigments. However, the two varieties responded differently to traits such as 100 arils fresh weight and total soluble solids. The mineral content of fruit was also affected by growing locations, specifically the Ca level of fruits experienced a significant increment in the new climate. The new habitat improved the postharvest quality of fruits, and substantially lower electrolyte leakage and chilling damages were detected in warmer conditions. Taken together the fruits produced from the warmer region were superior to those obtained in their moderate traditional habitats owing to their long-term cold storage, taste index, and nutrients. These results enhance our knowledge regarding the expression of fruit traits in connection with the environment and can be beneficial for making sound planting decisions and crop improvement programs with the aim of improving the quality and postharvest life of fruit.