Differential Effects of Ammonium (NH4+) and Potassium (K+) Nutrition on Photoassimilate Partitioning and Growth of Tobacco Seedlings

Aluko, Oluwaseun Olayemi; Li, Chuanzong; Yuan, Guang; Nong, Tongjia; Xiang, Hai-Ying; Wang, Qian; Li, Xuemei; Liu, Haobao

doi:10.3390/plants11233295

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 52 publications

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“…Potassium plays a major role in balancing anion uptake, movement and accumulation in plants [ 1 , 28 , 29 ]. Apoplastic concentrations may range between 2 and 26 mM K [ 2 ], cytoplasmatic K values may be between 50 to 100 mM [ 30 ], and 300 to 400 mM K concentrations may be reached in guard cells when stomata are open [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foliar Application of Potassium Salts to Olive, with Focus on Accompanying Anions

Bahamonde

Pimentel

Lara

et al. 2023

Plants

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Potassium (K) is an essential element, which is often supplied to horticultural crops via foliar spraying. Some studies have investigated the effect of different foliar-applied K compounds; however, most studies have focussed on crop quality and yield parameters, or were performed with isolated leaf cuticles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rates of the foliar ion penetration and leaf surface deposition of 130 mM K sprays of compounds with markedly different point of deliquescence (POD) and efflorescence (POE) values, the rates having been previously estimated in climate chamber trials. Shoots of field-grown, commercial olive trees were sprayed with K-nitrate (KNO3), K-sulphate (K2SO4), K-chloride (KCl), K-phosphate (K3PO4), K-carbonate (K2CO3) and K-bicarbonate (KHCO3), and leaf samples were collected after 3 and 24 h. Cation and anion concentrations were determined in the leaf tissues, and in a preliminary leaf water wash for estimating surface-deposited ion concentrations. No significant leaf tissue K increments were recorded between the K sprays. Olive tissue anion concentrations showed different patterns, and a chloride (Cl−) increase was detected 3 h after the foliar KCl supply. On the other hand, the foliar K applications led to leaf nitrate changes regardless of the K source supplied. High amounts of K and accompanying ions were recovered in the washing liquid of the foliar K-supplied leaves. Some foliar K treatments increased the leaf surface concentration of sulphate and chloride, suggesting a potential effect on leaf cell anion extrusion. Hence, despite no evidence of foliar K uptake, an effect of leaf anion concentrations was observed, indicating that foliar nutrient sprays may influence leaf and leaf surface anion balance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foliar Application of Potassium Salts to Olive, with Focus on Accompanying Anions

Bahamonde

Pimentel

Lara

et al. 2023

Plants

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The responses of pepper plants to nitrogen form and dissolved oxygen concentration of nutrient solution in hydroponics

Roosta

2024

BMC Plant Biol

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Background The presence of oxygen in the growth medium is absolutely essential for root development and the overall metabolic processes of plants. When plants do not have an adequate oxygen supply for respiration, they can experience a condition known as hypoxia. In order to investigate the impact of different nitrogen forms and varying oxygen levels in nutrient solutions on the growth, photosynthesis, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of bell pepper plants, a comprehensive study was conducted. The experiment was designed as a factorial experiment, considering two main factors: nitrogen forms (calcium nitrate and ammonium sulfate) with a fixed nitrogen concentration of 5 mM, and the oxygen levels of the nutrient solutions (ranging from 1.8 ± 0.2 to 5.3 ± 0.2 mg. L-1). Results The study examined the effects of nitrogen (NH4+ and NO3−) application on various parameters of vegetative growth. The results demonstrated that the use of ammonium (NH4+) led to a reduction in the most measured parameters, including the fresh and dry mass of both the root and shoot, at low O2 concentrations of 1.8 ± 0.2; 2.6 ± 0.2 and 3.8 ± 0.2 mg. L-1. However, an interesting observation was made regarding the impact of oxygen levels on root growth in plants grown with nitrate (NO3−). Specifically, the highest levels of oxygen significantly increased root growth in NO3−-fed plants. Additionally, the application of NH4+ resulted in an increase in chlorophyll concentration in the leaves, particularly when combined with high oxygen levels in the nutrient solution. On the other hand, leaves of plants fed with NO3− exhibited higher photosynthetic rate (A), intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE), and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency (A/Ci) compared to those fed with NH4+. Furthermore, it was found that NO3−-fed plants displayed the highest instantaneous carboxylation efficiency at oxygen levels of 3.8 and 5.3 mg. L-1, while the lowest efficiency was observed at oxygen levels of 1.8 and 2.6 mg. L-1. In contrast, NH4+-grown plants exhibited a higher maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm), as well as increased variable fluorescence (Fv) and maximum fluorescence (Fm), compared to NO3−-grown plants. Interestingly, the NO3−-fed plants showed an increase in Fv/Fm, Fv, and Fm with the elevation of oxygen concentration in the nutrient solution up to 5.3 mg. L-1. Conclusion This study showed that, the growth and photosynthesis parameters in bell pepper plants are sensitive to oxygen stress in floating hydroponic culture. Therefore, the oxygen level in the nutrient solution must not be lower than 3.8 and 5.3 mg. L-1 in NH4+ and NO3− –supplied culture media or nutrient solutions, respectively.

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Determination of optimal NH4+/K + concentration and corresponding ratio critical for growth of tobacco seedlings in a hydroponic system

Aluko

Shi

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Inherently, ammonium (NH4+) is critical for plant growth; however, its toxicity suppresses potassium (K+) uptake and vice-versa. Hence, attaining a nutritional balance between these two ions (NH4+ and K+) becomes imperative for the growth of tobacco seedlings. Therefore, we conducted a 15-day experimental study on tobacco seedlings exposed to different concentrations (47 treatments) of NH4+/K+ at different corresponding 12 ratios simultaneously in a hydroponic system. Our study aimed at establishing the optimal NH4+-K+ concentration and the corresponding ratio required for optimal growth of different tobacco plant organs during the seedling stage. The controls were the baseline for comparison in this study. Plants with low or excessive NH4+-K+ concentration had leaf chlorosis or dark greenish colouration, stunted whole plant part biomass, and thin roots. We found that adequate K+ supply is a pragmatic way to mitigate NH4+-induced toxicity in tobacco plants. The optimal growth for tobacco leaf and root was attained at NH4+-K+ concentrations 2-2 mM (ratio 1:1), whereas stem growth was optimal at NH4+-K+ 1-2 mM (1:2). The study provided an insight into the right combination of NH4+/K+ that could mitigate or prevent NH4+ or K+ stress in the tobacco seedlings.

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Differential Effects of Ammonium (NH4+) and Potassium (K+) Nutrition on Photoassimilate Partitioning and Growth of Tobacco Seedlings

Cited by 4 publications

References 52 publications

Foliar Application of Potassium Salts to Olive, with Focus on Accompanying Anions

Foliar Application of Potassium Salts to Olive, with Focus on Accompanying Anions

The responses of pepper plants to nitrogen form and dissolved oxygen concentration of nutrient solution in hydroponics

Determination of optimal NH4+/K + concentration and corresponding ratio critical for growth of tobacco seedlings in a hydroponic system

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