Differential effect of hydrocortisone on eosinophil and neutrophil proliferation.

Bjornson, B H; Harvey, Jenifer; Rose, Lynn M.

doi:10.1172/jci112091

Cited by 53 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Both factors are known to increase WBC counts by increasing neutrophil influx from marrow storage and decreasing efflux from the blood stream (32,33). In addition, cortisol and insulin may increase the WBC count by stimulating leptin secretion from adipocytes (34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral Total and Differential Leukocyte Count in Diabetic Nephropathy

et al. 2005

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OBJECTIVE -Because of increasing evidence that white blood cells (WBCs) play a role in the development and progression of diabetes complications, this study aimed to investigate the relation of circulating total and differential leukocyte counts to nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Plasma leptin levels were also measured to investigate their role in peripheral leukocytosis.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -For this study, 1,480 subjects with type 2 diabetes who were enrolled in a disease management program were stratified according to urinary microalbumin and serum creatinine measurements. The total and differential leukocyte profiles of peripheral blood were measured and plasma leptin was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Demographic and potential metabolic confounding factors were analyzed with linear and logistic regression to calculate the effects of leukocyte count on diabetic nephropathy.RESULTS -The peripheral total WBC, monocyte, and neutrophil counts increased in parallel with the advancement of diabetic nephropathy. In contrast, the lymphocyte count decreased. When WBC counts were analyzed per quartile and as continuous variables after adjusting for age, sex, and other known risk factors with multiple regression analysis, peripheral total WBC, monocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts were independently and significantly associated with diabetic nephropathy. Plasma leptin levels increased in patients with nephropathy and correlated significantly with total WBC count (r ϭ 0.194, P ϭ 0.014).CONCLUSIONS -Because leukocytes are activated and secrete cytokines in the diabetic state and leptin stimulates leukocyte proliferation and differentiation, our results suggest that circulating leukocytes contribute to the development and progression of nephropathy, partially through the effects of leptin, in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 28:1710 -1717, 2005P eripheral white blood cell (WBC) count has been shown to be associated with insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (1-4), coronary artery disease (CAD) (5-8), stroke (5,8), and diabetes micro-and macrovascular complications (9,10). An association between leukocytes counts and CAD has been observed in prospective and retrospective cohort studies as well as in case-control studies; this association persists after adjusting for multiple coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors, including smoking (11).Peripheral blood leukocytes are composed of polymorphonuclear cells, inc l u d i n g m o n o c y t e s a s w e l l a s lymphocytes. Polymorpho-and mononuclear leukocytes can be activated by advanced glycation end products (12), oxidative stress (13,14), angiotensin II (15), and cytokines (16) in a state of hyperglycemia. Leukocytes may be activated through the release of cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-␣ (TNF-␣) (17,18), transforming growth factor ␤1 (19), superoxide (20), nuclear factor B (NF-B) (21), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, interleukin-1␤, and others (17) to participate in the pathogenesis of diabetic micro-and m...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral Total and Differential Leukocyte Count in Diabetic Nephropathy

et al. 2005

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“…In addition, the biosynthesis of PAF-acether is also associated with the release of the arachidonic acid by PLA2 [26], and this might also account for the effective ness of the dexamethasone. However, the interference of corticosteroids with the production of citokines associated with eosinophil activation [27] and/or eosinopoiesis [28] cannot be ruled out.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological Modulation of the Late Eosinophilia Induced by Antigen in Actively Sensitized Rats

Silva

Martins²,

Lima³

et al. 1992

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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The intrathoracic injection of ovalbumin (12 μg/cavity) into actively sensitized rats led to a long-lasting eosinophil recruitment, which appeared 24 h after stimulation. In this study, pharmacological antagonists were used in order to evaluate the potential involvement of arachidonic acid metabolites and PAF-acether in the pleural eosinophil accumulation by antigen. Administration of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin (2 mg/kg, i.p.), 1 h before the antigen challenge, failed to modify the 24-hour eosinophilia. In contrast, the dual cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibitor BW 755C and the more selective inhibitor BW A4C (5 and 10 μg/cavity, i.t.), injected 1 h before the antigen, were effective. Similarly, the PAF-acether antagonists BN 52021 and WEB 2086 (20 mg/kg, i.p.) abrogated the eosinophil accumulation, which was also sensitive to the topical treatment with the glucocorticoid dexamethasone (5 and 10 μg/ cavity). Our findings suggest that the antigen-induced eosinophil mobilization is dependent on lipoxygenase derivatives and PAF-acether, but not on prostaglandins.

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“…Furthermore, the effect was said to be dose-dependent in the HC concentration range from 10"9to 10'5 M (although no data were presented), despite the fact that the lowest level would be within the range of HC concentrations in the fetal bovine serum constituent of the culture system [1], Again, using peripheral blood mononuclear cells, Bjornson and Harvey [4] found no stimulation of GM colony growth by HC in agar, although the propor tion of eosinophil colonies was reduced, and in long term liquid cultures of human BM containing HC at 10~6 M, no eosinophil colony-forming cells were generated [5]. Even more recently, these authors [6] have reported that eosinophil colony formation, in cultures of peripheral blood and unseparated BM cells, was inhibited by HC at 10-7 to 10'5 M, while the number of neutrophil colonies was increased. How ever, in the latter report the culture interval is not given; inhibition of clonogenesis was observed with progesterone at 10"7 M (a physiological concentration [ 12]; and there was no competition between the effects of progesterone and HC [1], although it is not re corded whether the concentrations of these hormones in such experiments were equimolar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulation of Human Eosinophilopoiesis by Hydrocortisone in vitro

Barr¹,

Volaric²,

Koekebakker³

1987

Acta Haematol

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Excess hydrocortisone (HC) evokes neutrophilia and eosinopenia in man. In addition, the hormone enhances human granulopoiesis in vitro at physiological as well as pharmacological concentrations. This study addressed the prospect that HC exerts opposite effects on the precursors of neutrophils and eosinophils, stimulating the former and inhibiting the latter. Experiments conducted on unseparated bone marrow (BM) cells demonstrated an increase in eosinophil clonogenesis in vitro with the addition of HC to the culture system. Secondary cultures, established from such primary harvests, revealed that HC had a direct impact on the clonogenic cells. Furthermore, administration of HC to normal subjects, at a dose which resulted in consistent eosinopenia, prompted an increase in the generation of eosinophil clones from peripheral blood cells ex vivo. Thus the hormone stimulates production of both neutrophils and eosinophils. Previous reports of opposite effects appear to have resulted from deficiencies of growth factors in the cell cultures. The contrasting effects of HC on neutrophil and eosinophil concentrations in the peripheral blood are more likely due to opposite effects on the distribution of these terminally differentiated cells in the circulation and extravascular tissues.

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Differential effect of hydrocortisone on eosinophil and neutrophil proliferation.

Cited by 53 publications

References 19 publications

Peripheral Total and Differential Leukocyte Count in Diabetic Nephropathy

Peripheral Total and Differential Leukocyte Count in Diabetic Nephropathy

Pharmacological Modulation of the Late Eosinophilia Induced by Antigen in Actively Sensitized Rats

Stimulation of Human Eosinophilopoiesis by Hydrocortisone in vitro

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