Differential effect of Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases in programming motor sequences of varied lengths

Yágüez, Lidia; Lange, H.; Hömberg, V.

doi:10.1007/s00415-005-0951-4

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…The cane, StW, and 2WW require the user to lift the device in time with their stepping whereas the 3WW and 4WWs allow the person to push the device without lifting it. Ease of use is a concern when prescribing ADs for individuals with HD who have difficulties with learning sequences of movements and performing a second task during walking [22]. Our observation that subjects generally took longer to learn how to use the cane and StW compared to the wheeled walkers would support this statement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

The Impact of Different Types of Assistive Devices on Gait Measures and Safety in Huntington's Disease

et al. 2012

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BackgroundGait and balance impairments lead to frequent falls and injuries in individuals with Huntington's disease (HD). Assistive devices (ADs) such as canes and walkers are often prescribed to prevent falls, but their efficacy is unknown. We systematically examined the effects of different types of ADs on quantitative gait measures during walking in a straight path and around obstacles.MethodsSpatial and temporal gait parameters were measured in 21 subjects with HD as they walked across a GAITRite walkway under 7 conditions (i.e., using no AD and 6 commonly prescribed ADs: a cane, a weighted cane, a standard walker, and a 2, 3 or 4 wheeled walker). Subjects also were timed and observed for number of stumbles and falls while walking around two obstacles in a figure-of-eight pattern.ResultsGait measure variability (i.e., coefficient of variation), an indicator of fall risk, was consistently better when using the 4WW compared to other ADs. Subjects also walked the fastest and had the fewest number of stumbles and falls when using the 4WW in the figure-of-eight course. Subjects walked significantly slower using ADs compared to no AD both across the GAITRite and in the figure-of-eight. Measures reflecting gait stability and safety improved with the 4WW but were made worse by some other ADs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

The Impact of Different Types of Assistive Devices on Gait Measures and Safety in Huntington's Disease

et al. 2012

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“…This suggests a progressive impairment in the execution of sequential motor programs, and a greater reliance upon the ongoing deliberate control of movement, manifest during the “in-flight” or execution phase when a switch is required between motor segments (reflecting movement time). This may also explain why this and many previous studies have reported impaired movement times, rather than initiation times, in symptomatic HD (Hefter et al 1987; Girotti et al 1988; Agostino et al 1992; Bradshaw et al 1992; Georgiou et al 1995; Farrow et al 2006; Yágüez et al 2006). This pattern of deficit may represent an early dysfunction in the motor circuit in the high CAP group as they approach diagnosis with respect to phasic activity that may impair the cue necessary to start the pre-movement activity for the next switch movement in the sequence (Tanji and Kurata 1985; Brotchie et al 1991; Boecker et al 1998; Elsinger et al 2006; Lehéricy et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Movement sequencing in Huntington disease

Georgiou‐Karistianis¹,

Long²,

Lourens³

et al. 2014

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry

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Objectives To examine longitudinal changes in movement sequencing in prodromal Huntington’s disease (HD) participants (795 prodromal HD; 225 controls) from the PREDICT-HD study. Methods Prodromal HD participants were tested over seven annual visits and were stratified into three groups (low, medium, high) based on their CAG-Age Product (CAP) score, which indicates likely increasing proximity to diagnosis. A cued movement sequence task assessed the impact of advance cueing on response initiation and execution via three levels of advance information. Results Compared to controls, all CAP groups showed longer initiation and movement times across all conditions at baseline, demonstrating a disease gradient for the majority of outcomes. Across all conditions, the high CAP group had the highest mean for baseline testing, but also demonstrated an increase in movement time across the study. For initiation time, the high CAP group showed the highest mean baseline time across all conditions, but also faster decreasing rates of change over time. Conclusions With progress to diagnosis, participants may increasingly use compensatory strategies, as evidenced by faster initiation. However, this occurred in conjunction with slowed execution times, suggesting a decline in effectively accessing control processes required to translate movement into effective execution.

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“…Given that WM is not a mental capacity [16]–[20], however, it is not surprising that WM impairments in PD are not uniform. There is evidence that visuo-spatial WM is predominantly affected even in medicated PD patients [15]–[17], [19]–[23] with the most specific impairment seen in the transformation of spatial WM information into action, i.e., “memory–motor transformations” [24]–[26] with increased load or retention time leading to further performance deterioration [25], [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diminished Activation of Motor Working-Memory Networks in Parkinson's Disease

et al. 2013

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by typical extrapyramidal motor features and increasingly recognized non-motor symptoms such as working memory (WM) deficits. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we investigated differences in neuronal activation during a motor WM task in 23 non-demented PD patients and 23 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Participants had to memorize and retype variably long visuo-spatial stimulus sequences after short or long delays (immediate or delayed serial recall). PD patients showed deficient WM performance compared to controls, which was accompanied by reduced encoding-related activation in WM-related regions. Mirroring slower motor initiation and execution, reduced activation in motor structures such as the basal ganglia and superior parietal cortex was detected for both immediate and delayed recall. Increased activation in limbic, parietal and cerebellar regions was found during delayed recall only. Increased load-related activation for delayed recall was found in the posterior midline and the cerebellum. Overall, our results demonstrate that impairment of WM in PD is primarily associated with a widespread reduction of task-relevant activation, whereas additional parietal, limbic and cerebellar regions become more activated relative to matched controls. While the reduced WM-related activity mirrors the deficient WM performance, the additional recruitment may point to either dysfunctional compensatory strategies or detrimental crosstalk from “default-mode” regions, contributing to the observed impairment.

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Differential effect of Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases in programming motor sequences of varied lengths

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

The Impact of Different Types of Assistive Devices on Gait Measures and Safety in Huntington's Disease

The Impact of Different Types of Assistive Devices on Gait Measures and Safety in Huntington's Disease

Movement sequencing in Huntington disease

Diminished Activation of Motor Working-Memory Networks in Parkinson's Disease

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