Differential effect of birthplace and length of residence on body mass index (BMI) by education, gender and race/ethnicity

Sanchez‐Vaznaugh, Emma V.; Kawachi, Ichiro; Subramanian, S. V.; Sánchez, Brisa N.; Acevedo‐García, Dolores

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.06.015

Cited by 99 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…We found that duration of residence in the US was significantly associated with overweight/obesity, which is consistent with previous studies that grouped South Asian immigrants with all foreign-born respondents or Asian foreign-born respondents [35,36,[39][40][41][42]. We also found a positive association between duration of residence in the US and daily fruit and vegetable intake and physical activity, though the latter did not yield a significant linear trend.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Duration of residence in the US has been associated with increased rates of hypertension [35], hyperlipidemia [36,37], diabetes [37,38], obesity [35,36,[39][40][41][42], and smoking [35,36] among immigrants. In addition, immigrants who arrive in the US at younger ages may be at higher risk for diabetes and obesity with increasing duration of residence than immigrants who arrive at later ages, presumably because habits established in the country of origin were healthier than habits established in the US [38,42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Association of Duration of Residence in the United States with Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among South Asian Immigrants

Bharmal

Kaplan

Shapiro

et al. 2014

J Immigrant Minority Health

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Duration of Residence in the United States with Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among South Asian Immigrants

Bharmal

Kaplan

Shapiro

et al. 2014

J Immigrant Minority Health

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“…The variable length of residence in the host country was always defined using an interval scale, generally divided into recent (< 5 years) and long-term (> 15 years). Eleven 13,17,20,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35 studies included all immigrant groups resident in the host country. Five studies 17,28,32,36,37 showed the increase in length of residence in the host country but did not stratify the results by immigrant group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A cross-sectional population based study carried out by Sanchez-Vaznaugh et al 29 in California showed that increases in BMI with length of residence and general mean BMI were greatest among Hispanic immigrants. This association varies within the Hispanic subgroup, with Mexican immigrants experiencing the greatest increase in BMI and waist circumference over time 18 .…”

Section: Immigrant Group Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A cross-sectional population-based study in the United States carried out by SanchezVaznaugh et al 29 reported that the BMI of immigrants living in the host country for less than 5 years was 1.6% higher than that of immigrants who had been living in the country for 15 years or more. However, the authors also found that the BMI of white immigrants living in United States for 15 years was higher than the BMI of those who had lived in the country for 10 to 14 years.…”

Section: • Europeansmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of migration on body weight: a review

2015

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Social Determinants Associated With Exposure to Childhood Parental Bereavement and Subsequent Risk for Psychiatric Disorders

et al. 2022

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ImportancePrevalence of childhood parental death varies by race and ethnicity and socioeconomic status, yet whether similar variation persists in the association with lifetime psychiatric disorder is unknown.ObjectiveTo assess whether race and ethnicity and parental educational attainment are associated with the risk of death of a parent; to determine whether the risk for lifetime psychiatric disorder associated with death of a parent was moderated by race and ethnicity and highest parental educational attainment; and to examine a potential intersection of race and ethnicity with parental educational attainment in the risk of lifetime psychiatric disorder associated with death of a parent.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study used data from the National Comorbidity Study: Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A), 2001 to 2004. Participants included youth aged 13 to 18 years, restricted to Black, Hispanic, and White youth due to power limitations. Data were analyzed from February 26, 2021, to April 21, 2022.ExposureDeath of a parent during childhood.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary study outcome was any lifetime Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) psychiatric disorder, assess via assessed via structured clinical interviews.ResultsAmong 9501 youth (mean [SD] age, 15.2 [1.5] years; 50.9% female), including 511 youth who had experienced parental death and 8990 youth who had not, the cumulative hazard of parental death by age 18 years was approximately doubled for Hispanic (10.1%; 95% CI, 6.9%-14.7%) and Black (14.0%; 95% CI, 10.6%-18.4%) youth compared with White youth (6.0%; 95% CI, 4.7%-7.8%). Similar patterns were noted by parental educational attainment: the cumulative hazard of parental death for youth of parents with less educational attainment was nearly double (10.1%; 95% CI, 8.1%-12.6%) compared with youth of parents with more education (6.6%; 95% CI, 5.2%-8.4%). Death of a parent was positively and significantly associated with risk of any lifetime psychiatric disorder (aOR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.03-1.75) compared with youth who had not experienced death of a parent. However, this association was not moderated by race and ethnicity (aOR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.58-1.92) or parental educational attainment (aOR, 1.19; 95%, 0.70-2.04), although power analyses suggest that larger sample sizes are needed.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study, Black and Hispanic youth experienced elevated parental death compared with White youth, yet the risk for any lifetime psychiatric disorder after parental death was not significantly moderated by race and ethnicity or parental education. Both individual- and population-level interventions may be needed to address the increased risk of psychiatric disorders, although additional studies with larger sample sizes are needed.

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Differential effect of birthplace and length of residence on body mass index (BMI) by education, gender and race/ethnicity

Cited by 99 publications

References 38 publications

The Association of Duration of Residence in the United States with Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among South Asian Immigrants

The Association of Duration of Residence in the United States with Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among South Asian Immigrants

The impact of migration on body weight: a review

Social Determinants Associated With Exposure to Childhood Parental Bereavement and Subsequent Risk for Psychiatric Disorders

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