Differential Effect of Anesthesia on Visual Cortex Neurons with Diverse Population Coupling

General anesthesia globally synchronizes activity selectively in layer 5 cortical pyramidal neurons

“…This shift is thought to be due to an increase in cortical synchrony, appears with loss of consciousness, and reverses with recovery of consciousness ( Akeju et al., 2014a ; Civillico and Contreras, 2012 ; Dasilva et al., 2021 ; Harvey et al., 2012 ; Hudetz, 2002 ; Lee et al., 2020 ; Purdon et al., 2013 ). Other effects on cortical neurons common to several general anesthetics include burst suppression ( Akrawi et al., 1996 ; Clark and Rosner, 1973 ), fragmentation ( Erchova et al., 2002 ; Lewis et al., 2012 ; Vizuete et al., 2014 ), decreases in activity ( Bastos et al., 2021 ; Hudetz et al., 2009 ; Kajiwara et al., 2020 ; Redinbaugh et al., 2020 ), and increases in correlation with the average local activity ( Aasebø et al., 2017 ; Lee et al., 2021 ). In addition to these effects, both cortico-cortical and cortico-thalamic disconnections of the resting state network have also been observed using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during states of unconsciousness ( Akeju et al., 2014b ; Mashour and Hudetz, 2018 ; Uhrig et al., 2018 ).…”

Translational Organic Neural Interface Devices at Single Neuron Resolution

“…Furthermore, the neural population response has been linked to response to pharmacologic agents, plasticity processes, and information processing capacity, expanding our ability to investi-gate human cortical dynamics despite limitations on spatial sampling and time windows for neurophysiologic recording afforded by clinical procedures. [51][52][53] Overall, we demonstrate the material, fabrication, and analytic parameters that optimize the ability of non-penetrating arrays to obtain high-yield and high-quality single unit activity from the surface of the human brain. Such approaches are critical to minimize morbidity associated with high spatiotemporal resolution neurophysiological recordings and maintain compatibility with a variety of common neurosurgical procedures.…”

“…Furthermore, the neural population response has been linked to response to pharmacologic agents, plasticity processes, and information processing capacity, expanding our ability to investigate human cortical dynamics despite limitations on spatial sampling and time windows for neurophysiologic recording afforded by clinical procedures. [ 51–53 ]…”

Network Model With Reduced Metabolic Rate Predicts Spatial Synchrony of Neuronal Activity

“…The study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the Governing Board of the National Research Council (National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 2011). The experimental data used in this study were previously analyzed and published in a different context (Lee et al, 2020(Lee et al, , 2021. A multi-electrode array consisting of 64-contact silicon probes (shank length 2 mm, width 28-60 µm, probe thickness 15 µm, shank spacing 200 µm, row separation 100 µm, contact size 413 µm 2 ; custom design 8 × 8_edge_2 mm 100_200_413; Neuronexus Technologies, Ann Arbor, MI, United States) was chronically implanted in the primary visual cortex of each animal (eight adult male Long-Evans rats).…”