Differential distribution and lateralization of infant gestures and their relation to maternal gestures in the Face-to-Face Still-Face paradigm

Montirosso, Rosario; Cozzi, Patrizia; Tronick, Ed; Borgatti, Renato

doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2012.07.005

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Research from Tronick's lab on infants in the middle of the first year has demonstrated that under relational stress, 6‐month‐old infants use left‐sided gestures generated by the right hemisphere. They interpreted this data as being “consistent with Schore's (2005) hypotheses of hemispheric right‐sided activation of emotions and their regulation during infant–mother interactions” (Montirosso, Cozzi, Tronick, & Borgatti, , p. 826). Using near‐infrared spectroscopy, Minagawa‐Kawai and her colleagues' fMRI study of infant–mother attachment at the end of the first year observed, “Our results are in agreement with that of Schore () who addressed the importance of the right hemisphere in the attachment system” (2009, p. 289).…”

Section: Further Implications For Early Assessments Of Boys At Risksupporting

confidence: 72%

All Our Sons: The Developmental Neurobiology and Neuroendocrinology of Boys at Risk

Schore

2017

Infant Mental Health Journal

101

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Why are boys at risk? To address this question, I use the perspective of regulation theory to offer a model of the deeper psychoneurobiological mechanisms that underlie the vulnerability of the developing male. The central thesis of this work dictates that significant gender differences are seen between male and female social and emotional functions in the earliest stages of development, and that these result from not only differences in sex hormones and social experiences but also in rates of male and female brain maturation, specifically in the early developing right brain. I present interdisciplinary research which indicates that the stress-regulating circuits of the male brain mature more slowly than those of the female in the prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal critical periods, and that this differential structural maturation is reflected in normal gender differences in right-brain attachment functions. Due to this maturational delay, developing males also are more vulnerable over a longer period of time to stressors in the social environment (attachment trauma) and toxins in the physical environment (endocrine disruptors) that negatively impact right-brain development. In terms of differences in gender-related psychopathology, I describe the early developmental neuroendocrinological and neurobiological mechanisms that are involved in the increased vulnerability of males to autism, early onset schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and conduct disorders as well as the epigenetic mechanisms that can account for the recent widespread increase of these disorders in U.S. culture. I also offer a clinical formulation of early assessments of boys at risk, discuss the impact of early childcare on male psychopathogenesis, and end with a neurobiological model of optimal adult male socioemotional functions.Keywords: gender, right brain, testosterone, endocrine disruptors, attachment, early assessment, regulation theory, child psychiatry, pediatrics, brain development, neuroendocrinology RESUMEN: ¿Por están los niños varones bajo riesgo? Para responder esta pregunta he usado la perspectiva de la teoría de regulación con el fin de ofrecer un modelo de los más profundos mecanismos siconeurobiológicos que subyacen bajo la vulnerabilidad del varón en desarrollo. La tesis central de este trabajo indica que significativas diferencias de género se ven entre las funciones sociales y emocionales de varones y hembras en las más tempranas etapas del desarrollo, y que las mismas resultan no sólo de diferencias en las hormonas sexuales y experiencias sociales sino también en el ritmo de maduración cerebral de varones y hembras, específicamente en el temprano desarrollo del lado derecho del cerebro. Presento investigación interdisciplinaria que indica que los circuitos de regulación del estrés del cerebro del varón maduran más lentamente que los de la hembra en los períodos críticos prenatal, perinatal y posnatal, y que esta maduración estructural diferencial se refleja en diferencias de género normales e...

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Section: Further Implications For Early Assessments Of Boys At Risksupporting

confidence: 72%

All Our Sons: The Developmental Neurobiology and Neuroendocrinology of Boys at Risk

Schore

2017

Infant Mental Health Journal

101

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“…The Still‐Face episode is considered informative of the infant's socio‐emotional response to a relational and communicative perturbation (Montirosso, Provenzi, et al., ; Provenzi, Borgatti, Menozzi, & Montirosso, ). The expected pattern of socio‐emotional regulation in response to the FFSF includes increased negative emotionality (Adamson & Frick, ) and the adoption of two main kinds of regulatory behaviors (Montirosso, Cozzi, Tronick, Borgatti, ). Self‐directed regulatory behaviors (e.g., looking away, self‐comforting, and self‐stimulating) are used by infants to modulate their levels of arousal and affect.…”

Section: Developmental Care For Very Preterm Infants and Their Mothersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Very Preterm and Full‐Term Infants’ Response to Socio‐Emotional Stress: The Role of Postnatal Maternal Bonding

Provenzi

Fumagalli

Bernasconi

et al. 2016

Infancy

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Very preterm (VPT) infants are at risk for altered socio‐emotional stress regulation, even in the absence of perinatal complications. Moreover, becoming a mother of a VPT infant is a traumatic event, which might affect the establishment of a bonding relationship toward the infant during the postnatal period. The main aim of the present study was to assess the association between maternal postnatal bonding and socio‐emotional stress response in 3‐month‐old VPT infants, compared to full‐term (FT) controls. Thirty‐three VPT and 28 FT infant‐mother dyads underwent the maternal Face‐to‐Face Still‐Face (FFSF) procedure to assess socio‐emotional stress regulation. Maternal postnatal bonding was measured through the Maternal Post‐Natal Attachment Scale (MPAS), which includes three scales: Quality of attachment, Absence of hostility, and Pleasure in interaction. The VPT infants exhibited less self‐directed and other‐directed regulatory behaviors during the Still‐Face episode. Mothers of VPT infants reported lower Quality of attachment compared to FT counterparts. Importantly, higher levels of Quality of attachment were associated with more other‐directed behaviors during the Still‐Face episode in FT dyads, whereas this was not observed in VPT dyads. In conclusion, VPT infants might be exposed to a double‐risk condition for socio‐emotional development, encompassing both difficulties in stress response and the exposure to a less‐than‐optimal maternal bonding.

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“…Importantly, the Play episode allows for assessment of the interactive tendencies of the infant, whereas the Still-Face and Reunion are informative regarding the infant's reactivity to, and recovery from, relational perturbation, respectively (Mesman, van Ijzendoorn, & Bakermans-Kranenburg, 2009). Compared with the initial interaction episode, there is generally an increase in mean levels of negative facial expressions and decreases in mean levels of infant smiling and gazes toward the parent during the Still-Face episode (the so called, Still-Face effect; Adamson & Frick, 2003;Montirosso, Cozzi, Tronick, & Borgatti, 2012). Beyond this general trend, however, there is considerable individual variability in infant reactions during the procedure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A categorical approach to infants’ individual differences during the Still-Face paradigm

Montirosso

Casini

Provenzi

et al. 2015

Infant Behavior and Development

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Differential distribution and lateralization of infant gestures and their relation to maternal gestures in the Face-to-Face Still-Face paradigm

Cited by 17 publications

References 54 publications

All Our Sons: The Developmental Neurobiology and Neuroendocrinology of Boys at Risk

All Our Sons: The Developmental Neurobiology and Neuroendocrinology of Boys at Risk

Very Preterm and Full‐Term Infants’ Response to Socio‐Emotional Stress: The Role of Postnatal Maternal Bonding

A categorical approach to infants’ individual differences during the Still-Face paradigm

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