Differential Diagnosis of Osteogenic Tumors in the Context of Osteosarcoma

Bukhari, Mulazim Hussain; Qamar, Samina; Batool, Farwa

doi:10.5772/intechopen.85190

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Differential diagnosis considerations, such as stress fracture, subacute/chronic osteomyelitis, and osteoblastoma, underscore the importance of a thorough evaluation to distinguish OO from other potential causes of bone pain. Not considering the sickle cell trait and only focusing on the racial background of the patient reflects the complex classification of the mixed groups [ 10 ]. In this case, the management of OO varied depending on the availability of healthcare facilities, which influenced our patient's decision that radiofrequency ablation was chosen for his condition due to the difficulty of accessing healthcare services in a rural area [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Ablation for Osteoid Osteoma in a Young Patient: A Case Report

Doelakeh,

Weerarathna,

Luharia

2024

Cureus

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Osteoid osteoma (OO) is a common benign ossifying lesion that is most prevalent among youth. Usually, it attacks the diaphyseal or metaphyseal bones that are tubular. The common hallmark of muscle pain is the reported occurrence of night pain that is nearly always present, yields satisfactory responses from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications, and may be joined by complaints regarding physical activities. Also, it shows typical signs of study procedures like computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A nidus, which is the primary marker in the diagnostic formation of shadowed images, is a crucial sign of an OO. This source is usually portrayed as an oval lytic lesion, measuring 1 cm flat and surrounded by a region of reactive ossification. It is laborious to diagnose OO since the condition is frequently confused with many other ones, and testing and therapy may be delayed and complicated as a result. There are still few studies on OO diagnosis and distinguishing of surrogate conditions. Unfortunately, either ablation or resection can be said to be the cure. Improved detection of OO shows the possibility for prompt diagnosis, fewer patient discomfort and side effects, less cost involved in unnecessary treatments, and a rightly diagnosed condition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Ablation for Osteoid Osteoma in a Young Patient: A Case Report

Doelakeh,

Weerarathna,

Luharia

2024

Cureus

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“…Osteosarcoma that occurs without any underlying bone pathology or cancer refers to primary osteosarcoma, whereas secondary osteosarcoma is characterized by any underlying bone pathologies. The diagnosis of osteosarcoma involves imaging of the tumor site by radiographs like Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Computed Tomography, nuclear imaging like positron emission imaging and radionuclide bone scans [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nelumbo nucifera Leaf Extract Induces Cytotoxicity in Osteosarcoma Saos-2 Cells

Britina,

Ezhilarasan,

Shree Harini

2023

Cureus

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BackgroundOsteosarcoma is the eighth most common cancer and its prevalence in children makes it a global concern. Existing medications and treatments like high-dose methotrexate possess harmful side effects. Therefore, novel herbal drugs like Nelumbo nucifera are of utmost importance. AimTo analyze a novel anticancer herbal drug, Nelumbo nucifera leaf extract for its cytotoxic potential against osteosarcoma. Materials and methodNelumbo nucifera leaf extract was prepared. Saos-2 Cells (human osteosarcoma cell line) were treated with Nelumbo nucifera leaf extract (25, 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 µg/ml) for 24 hours which were then subjected to MTT assay, morphological analysis and DAPI staining. ResultsThe results suggested that Nelumbo nucifera leaf extract had a concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect on Saos-2 cell line. The extract significantly reduced the number of viable cells, inhibited proliferation and induced morphological changes in Saos-2 cells. ConclusionNelumbo nucifera has the potential to induce cytotoxicity against osteosarcoma cell lines and hence, this study provides a novel therapeutic regimen for the treatment of osteosarcoma.

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“…Osteosarcoma, for example, has around 10 different morphologic subtypes [12] . Some subtypes are very similar in morphology to benign bone tumors like osteoma and osteoid osteoma [13] . It is our hypothesis that lack of variability in the training data can be a main obstacle in building a robust diagnosing model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving generalization of deep learning models for diagnostic pathology by increasing variability in training data: experiments on osteosarcoma subtypes

Tang

Sun

Shen

2020

Preprint

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Artificial intelligence (AI) has an emerging progress in diagnostic pathology. A large number of studies of applying deep learning models to histopathological images have been published in recent years. While many studies claim high accuracies, they may fall into the pitfalls of overfitting and lack of generalization due to the high variability of the histopathological images. We use the example of Osteosarcoma to illustrate the pitfalls and how the addition of model input variability can help improve model performance. We use the publicly available osteosarcoma dataset to retrain a previously published classification model for osteosarcoma. We partition the same set of images into the training and testing datasets differently than the original study: the test dataset consists of images from one patient while the training dataset consists images of all other patients. The performance of the model on the test set using the new partition schema declines dramatically, indicating a lack of model generalization and overfitting.We also show the influence of training data variability on model performance by collecting a minimal dataset of 10 osteosarcoma subtypes as well as benign tissues and benign bone tumors of differentiation. We show the additions of more and more subtypes into the training data step by step under the same model schema yield a series of coherent models with increasing performances. In conclusion, we bring forward data preprocessing and collection tactics for histopathological images of high variability to avoid the pitfalls of overfitting and build deep learning models of higher generalization abilities.

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Differential Diagnosis of Osteogenic Tumors in the Context of Osteosarcoma

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Microwave Ablation for Osteoid Osteoma in a Young Patient: A Case Report

Microwave Ablation for Osteoid Osteoma in a Young Patient: A Case Report

Nelumbo nucifera Leaf Extract Induces Cytotoxicity in Osteosarcoma Saos-2 Cells

Improving generalization of deep learning models for diagnostic pathology by increasing variability in training data: experiments on osteosarcoma subtypes

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