1989
DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(89)90272-5
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Differential development of acute tolerance to analgesia, respiratory depression, gastrointestinal transit and hormone release in a morphine infusion model

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Cited by 115 publications
(71 citation statements)
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“…A number of studies have suggested that opiate control of respiration might be due to activation of a different subset of ORs ( 2 OR, type 2 OR) as opposed to those that are believed to mediate antinociception ( 1 OR, type 1 OR) (Ling et al, 1985(Ling et al, , 1989. Others have also noted this difference, finding less correlation between antinociception and respiratory suppression with highly selective OR agonists (Pick et al, 1991;Stott and Pleuvry, 1991).…”
Section: Morphine Side Effects In ␤-Arrestin 2 Knockout Mice 1199mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A number of studies have suggested that opiate control of respiration might be due to activation of a different subset of ORs ( 2 OR, type 2 OR) as opposed to those that are believed to mediate antinociception ( 1 OR, type 1 OR) (Ling et al, 1985(Ling et al, , 1989. Others have also noted this difference, finding less correlation between antinociception and respiratory suppression with highly selective OR agonists (Pick et al, 1991;Stott and Pleuvry, 1991).…”
Section: Morphine Side Effects In ␤-Arrestin 2 Knockout Mice 1199mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This lack of tolerance differs from other adverse effects of opioid analgesics and could possibly be related to the actions associated with μ-opioid receptor subtypes (eg, tolerance develops for activities that are μ-1 dependent versus other subtypes). [26][27][28] Given the lack of tolerance development to OIC, it is important that OIC be anticipated and be treated as appropriate in patients receiving opioid analgesics. 4 The strength of this placebo crossover analysis is that the design allowed patients to serve as their own controls when comparing the efficacy and safety of methylnaltrexone versus placebo.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Tolerance to the reward effect occurs quickly, whereas tolerance to respiratory depression occurs much more slowly. 17 This mismatch in tolerance of effect may lead to increase in opioid doses to maintain analgesia or euphoria, and also places patients at a higher risk of overdose. 18 …”
Section: Definitionsmentioning
confidence: 99%