Differential Closure of the Spheno-occipital Synchondrosis in Syndromic Craniosynostosis

Abstract

Risk, II.

Orbital Dysmorphology in Untreated Children with Crouzon and Apert Syndromes

“…It also brings into question whether the protrusion is a result of exorbitism or exophthalmos. 1,9,[29][30][31] Currently, the surgical intervention that targets the midface and bony orbit deformities is Le Fort III or fronto-orbital advancement with cranial distraction. 32,33 Fronto-orbital advancement demonstrates dilation of the upper orbit only.…”

The formation of the foramen magnum and its role in developing ventriculomegaly and Chiari I malformation in children with craniosynostosis syndromes

“…Consequently, 19 craniosynostosis patients and one control subject were excluded from this analysis. The closure grade of AIOS and PIOS was studied separately with the support of a 3 scale grading system: 1 ¼ open, 2 ¼ partially closed, and 3 ¼ totally closed (McGrath et al, 2012;Tahiri et al, 2013).…”

Análise da retrusão do terço médio da face e dismorfologia orbital em crianças portadoras das Síndromes de Apert e Crouzon

“…This corroborates other reports pointing to the sphenoid as main culprit of an abnormal facial growth and projection (12). The sphenoid also likely contributes to the orbital deformity.…”

“…Since our studies were not designed to collect clinical data from Crouzon and Apert patients, any theories as to why globe volume is increased in these conditions remains speculative and warrants further investigation. It also raises the question whether the protrusion is a result of exorbitism or exophthalmos (1,12,14,16,106). According to our data, the orbital dysmorphology observed in these patients does not fit the classic description of either exophthalmos or exorbitism (2).…”