Differential Change in Oculomotor Performance among Female Collegiate Soccer Players versus Non-Contact Athletes from Pre- to Post-Season

Gallagher, Virginia T.; Murthy, Prianka; Stocks, Jane; Vesci, Brian; Colegrove, Danielle; Mjaanes, Jeffrey M.; Chen, Yu-Fen; Breiter, Hans C.; LaBella, Cynthia R.; Herrold, Amy A.; Reilly, James L.

doi:10.1089/neur.2020.0051

Cited by 7 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…28,[54][55][56] Further, results from this study are similar to those of a parallel longitudinal study of female soccer players, which showed that those with higher estimated exposure to head impacts demonstrated relative stability over time whereas those with lower estimated head injury exposure and non-contact controls showed faster reaction times at post-season relative to preseason on antisaccade and MGS tasks. 30 Unlike eye-movement testing results, there were no group-by-time effects observed on ImPACT testing in general or on the ImPACT reaction time or visual motor composite scores. Qualitatively, ImPACT composite scores improved from pre-to post-season on memory and visual motor composites among COLL groups and remained stable or improved more modestly among NON-COLL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…See Gallagher and colleagues for further details. 30 Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Test. ImPACT is a 25-min computerized cognitive battery designed for ages 12-59, delivered by a secure Web portal.…”

Section: Participants and Recruitmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…See Gallagher and colleagues for eye-movement data scoring and cleaning procedures. 30 Statistical analyses. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows (Version 25.0; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY).…”

Section: Data Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, eye-movement testing has emerged as a promising tool for detecting neurocognitive and sensorimotor change after concussive [27][28][29] and subconcussive head trauma among female athletes. 30 Eye-movement testing provides an assay to evaluate sensorimotor processing, speed of attentional shifting, executive control, inhibition, and working memory, which are domains often affected by head injury. 31 Further, eye-movement testing is ideally suited to detect effects of brain trauma given that most aspects of classic saccadic eye-movement task performance have been localized to specific neuroanatomical areas and networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eye Movements Detect Differential Change after Participation in Male Collegiate Collision versus Non-Collision Sports

Gallagher

Murthy

Stocks

et al. 2021

Neurotrauma Reports

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Although neuroimaging studies of collision (COLL) sport athletes demonstrate alterations in brain structure and function from pre-to post-season, reliable tools to detect behavioral/cognitive change relevant to functional networks associated with participation in collision sports are lacking. This study evaluated the use of eye-movement testing to detect change in cognitive and sensorimotor processing among male club collegiate athletes after one season of participation in collision sports of variable exposure. We predicted that COLL (High Dose [hockey], n = 8; Low Dose [rugby], n = 9) would demonstrate longer reaction times (antisaccade and memory-guided saccade [MGS] latencies), increased inhibitory errors (antisaccade error rate), and poorer spatial working memory (MGS spatial accuracy) at post-season, relative to pre-season, whereas non-collision collegiate athletes (NON-COLL; n = 17) would remain stable. We also predicted that whereas eye-movement performance would detect pre-to post-season change, ImPACT (Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Test) performance would remain stable. Our data showed that NON-COLL had shorter (improved performance) post-versus preseason antisaccade and MGS latencies, whereas COLL groups showed stable, longer, or attenuated reduction in latency ( ps £ 0.001). Groups did not differ in antisaccade error rate. On the MGS task, NON-COLL demonstrated improved spatial accuracy over time, whereas COLL groups showed reduced spatial accuracy ( p < 0.05, uncorrected). No differential change was observed on ImPACT. This study provides preliminary evidence for eyemovement testing as a sensitive marker of subtle changes in attentional control and working memory resulting from participation in sports with varying levels of subconcussive exposure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Participants and Recruitmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eye Movements Detect Differential Change after Participation in Male Collegiate Collision versus Non-Collision Sports

Gallagher

Murthy

Stocks

et al. 2021

Neurotrauma Reports

Self Cite

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“…However, to our knowledge, little work has used the prosaccade task to investigate the differences in saccadic eye movements between skilled and less skilled players. Some studies using the prosaccade task only focus on examining the cognitive changes of players caused by head impact exposure in contact and collision sports ( Kiefer et al, 2018 ; Gallagher et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences on Prosaccade Task in Skilled and Less Skilled Female Adolescent Soccer Players

Zhou

2021

Front. Psychol.

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Although the relationship between cognitive processes and saccadic eye movements has been outlined, the relationship between specific cognitive processes underlying saccadic eye movements and skill level of soccer players remains unclear. Present study used the prosaccade task as a tool to investigate the difference in saccadic eye movements in skilled and less skilled Chinese female adolescent soccer players. Fifty-six healthy female adolescent soccer players (range: 14–18years, mean age: 16.5years) from Fujian Youth Football Training Base (Fujian Province, China) took part in the experiment. In the prosaccade task, participants were instructed to fixate at the cross at the center of the screen as long as the target appeared peripherally. They were told to saccade to the target as quickly and accurately as possible once it appeared. The results indicated that skilled soccer players exhibited shorter saccade latency (p=0.031), decreased variability of saccade latency (p=0.013), and higher spatial accuracy of saccade (p=0.032) than their less skilled counterparts. The shorter saccade latency and decreased variability of saccade latency may imply that the attentional system of skilled soccer player is superior which leads to smaller attention fluctuation and less attentional lapse. Additionally, higher spatial accuracy of saccade may imply potential structural differences in brain underlying saccadic eye movement between skilled and less skilled soccer players. More importantly, the results of the present study demonstrated that soccer players’ cognitive capacities vary as a function of their skill levels. The limitations of the present study and future directions of research were discussed.

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Where are We Headed? Evidence to Inform Future Football Heading Guidelines

et al. 2023

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Given the scientific and public concern regarding the short-, medium- and long-term consequences of heading on brain health, being proactive about developing and implementing guidelines that help reduce the burden (volume, impact magnitude and injury risk) of heading in young and beginner players appears justified. This narrative review explores the evidence underpinning strategies that could be incorporated into future heading guidelines to reduce heading burden in players across all levels of football. A four-step search strategy was utilised to identify all data-based papers related to heading in football. Eligibility criteria for inclusion were: (1) original data, (2) study population included football players, (3) outcome measures included one or more of the following: number of headers, measurement of head acceleration during heading, or head/brain injury incidence, and (4) published in English or English translation available. In total, 58 papers were included that outlined strategies based on (1) game or team development, (2) player skill development and (3) equipment. In particular, greater emphasis existed for small-sided games (particularly in young players) where fewer headers are observed when compared with the conventional 11 versus 11 game, as well as reducing headers from goal kicks and corners. Evidence also existed for developing a heading coaching framework that focusses on technical proficiency as well as neuromuscular neck exercises integrated into general injury reduction exercise programs, enforcement of rules related to deliberate head contact and using lower-pressure match and training balls. To mitigate potential risks of heading on brain health, a number of pragmatic strategies have been examined in scientific studies and may be considered as part of future heading guidelines.

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Differential Change in Oculomotor Performance among Female Collegiate Soccer Players versus Non-Contact Athletes from Pre- to Post-Season

Cited by 7 publications

References 75 publications

Eye Movements Detect Differential Change after Participation in Male Collegiate Collision versus Non-Collision Sports

Eye Movements Detect Differential Change after Participation in Male Collegiate Collision versus Non-Collision Sports

Differences on Prosaccade Task in Skilled and Less Skilled Female Adolescent Soccer Players

Where are We Headed? Evidence to Inform Future Football Heading Guidelines

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