Differential central regulatory mineralocorticoidreceptor systems for anxiety and depression – Could KCNJ5 be an interesting target for further investigations in major depression?

Adolf, Christian; Murck, Harald; Sarkis, Anna-Lina; Schneider, Holger; Heinrich, Daniel A.; Williams, Tracy Ann; Reincke, Martín; Künzel, Heike

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.09.008

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…An association of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression with plasma aldosterone, particularly in patients with PA, is established [40]. Depressive symptoms respond better to adrenalectomy than to MRA treatment, so there is an unmet need in the medically treated population with PA [41]. Our probands experienced a significant improvement in scoring systems for anxiety and depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderate dietary salt restriction improves blood pressure and mental well‐being in patients with primary aldosteronism: The salt CONNtrol trial

et al. 2023

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Background Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a frequent cause of hypertension. Aldosterone excess together with high dietary salt intake aggravates cardiovascular damage, despite guideline‐recommended mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) treatment. Objectives To investigate the antihypertensive impact of a moderate dietary salt restriction and associated physiological changes, including mental well‐being. Methods A total of 41 patients with PA on a stable antihypertensive regimen—including MRA—followed a dietary salt restriction for 12 weeks with structured nutritional training and consolidation by a mobile health app. Salt intake and adherence were monitored every 4 weeks using 24‐h urinary sodium excretion and nutrition protocols. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance analysis and mental well‐being by validated questionnaires. Results Dietary salt intake significantly decreased from 9.1 to 5.2 g/d at the end of the study. In parallel, systolic (130 vs. 121 mm Hg) and diastolic blood pressure (BP) (84 vs. 81 mm Hg) improved significantly. Patients’ aptitude of estimating dietary salt content was refined significantly (underestimation by 2.4 vs. 1.4 g/d). Salt restriction entailed a significant weight loss of 1.4 kg, improvement in pulse pressure (46 vs. 40 mm Hg) and normalization of depressive symptoms (PHQD scale, p < 0.05). Salt restriction, cortisol after dexamethasone suppression test and dosage of renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone‐system (RAAS) blockers were independently associated with BP reduction. Conclusion A moderate restriction of dietary salt intake in patients with PA substantially reduces BP and depressive symptoms. Moreover, the findings underline that a sufficient RAAS blockade seems to augment the effects of salt restriction on BP and cardiovascular risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderate dietary salt restriction improves blood pressure and mental well‐being in patients with primary aldosteronism: The salt CONNtrol trial

et al. 2023

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Ethylene oxide exposure, inflammatory indicators, and depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional study and mediation analysis based on a non-institutionalized American population

Du,

Yuan,

Guan

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundEthylene oxide (EO) is a volatile compound positively correlated with respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Currently, evidence suggests that environmental exposure may contribute to depressive symptoms. This study evaluated the correlation between EO exposure and depressive symptoms and investigated whether inflammatory indicators had a mediation effect on this correlation.MethodsPatients were enrolled from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 2013–2016, and 2,764 (49.67% male and 50.33% female) participants were ultimately included. EO exposure was determined by measuring hemoglobin-EO adduct (Hb-EO) concentration due to its long half-life, which was log2-transformed. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify any correlations before and after covariate adjustment. Sensitivity analysis, subgroup analyses, and interaction tests were performed to further evaluate identified correlations. Mediation analysis was conducted to reveal whether specific inflammatory indicators mediated the correlation.ResultsA high prevalence of depressive symptoms was observed in quartiles with increased levels of EO exposure, and male individuals exhibiting higher Hb-EO levels than female individuals. A positive correlation was observed between EO exposure and depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR]: 1.439, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.310, 1.581), which remained stable even after covariate adjustment (OR: 1.332, 95% CI: 1.148, 1.545). Interaction tests showed significant effects of sex (p < 0.001) and thyroid diseases (p = 0.048) on this correlation. In the mediation analysis, white blood cell (p = 0.010) and neutrophil counts (p = 0.010) exerted a mediating effect, accounting for 13.6 and 11.9%, respectively.ConclusionIncreased exposure to EO is associated with an elevated risk of depressive symptoms, where white blood cell and neutrophil counts exert a significant mediating effect. Further prospective studies are required to investigate the potential link among EO, other environmental pollutants, and human mental health.

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Differential central regulatory mineralocorticoidreceptor systems for anxiety and depression – Could KCNJ5 be an interesting target for further investigations in major depression?

Cited by 2 publications

References 33 publications

Moderate dietary salt restriction improves blood pressure and mental well‐being in patients with primary aldosteronism: The salt CONNtrol trial

Moderate dietary salt restriction improves blood pressure and mental well‐being in patients with primary aldosteronism: The salt CONNtrol trial

Ethylene oxide exposure, inflammatory indicators, and depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional study and mediation analysis based on a non-institutionalized American population

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