Differential central projections of vestibular afferents in pigeons

Dickman, J. David; Fang, Qian

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19960325)367:1<110::aid-cne8>3.3.co;2-m

Cited by 25 publications

(69 citation statements)

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“…The radius of curvature averaged across all three canals in the mouse was found to be 0.859 mm, comparable to the 0.94 mm reported by Jones and Spells (1963) for the jerboa mouse, a rodent in the related family Dipodidae. The radius of curvature of the anterior canals in both strains of mice was larger than the radii of the horizontal and posterior canals, a relationship that has been reported in other species including cat (Blanks et al 1972), guinea pig (Curthoys et al 1975), human (Blanks et al 1975aSpoor and Zonneveld 1998), rhesus and squirrel monkey (Blanks et al 1985), and bird (Landolt and Correia 1980;Dickman 1996;Dickman and Fang 1996). The mouse canals are close to planar, with a maximum angle of divergence from the canal plane ranging from 3.8-to 12.6-.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Planar Relationships of the Semicircular Canals in Two Strains of Mice

Calabrese

Hullar

2006

JARO

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The mouse is increasingly important as a subject of vestibular research. Although many studies have focused on the vestibular responses of mice to angular rotation, the geometry of their semicircular canals has not been described. High-voltage X-ray computed tomography was used to measure the anatomy of the semicircular canals of two strains of mice, C57Bl/6J and CBA/CaJ. The horizontal plane of a stereotaxic coordinate system was defined by the midpoints of the external auditory meati and the point where the incisors emerge from the maxilla. The centroids of the lumens of the bony canals were calculated, and planes that describe the canals were fit using a least-squares regression analysis to the resulting points. Vectors normal to each regressed plane were used to represent the corresponding canal's axis of rotation, and angles of these vectors relative to skull landmarks as well as to each other were calculated. The horizontal canal of the mouse was found to be angled anteriorly upward 17.8-for CBA/CaJ and 32.6-for C57Bl/6J from the reference horizontal plane. Angles between ipsilateral canals deviated up to 12.3-from orthogonal, and angles between contralateral synergistic canals (left anterior-right posterior, right anterior-left posterior, and horizontal-horizontal) deviated from parallel by up to 14.8-. The orientations of the canals within the head as well as the orientations of the canals relative to each other were significantly different between the two strains, suggesting that care must be taken in the design and interpretation of developmental and physiologic studies involving different mouse strains.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Planar Relationships of the Semicircular Canals in Two Strains of Mice

Calabrese

Hullar

2006

JARO

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“…The dorsal thalamic nucleus receives vestibular [19] and optic flow cues [21,22] that are used for path integration and flight stabilization. Therefore, the activation of this region during displacement from the home loft, as well as the homeward flight, is not surprising ( figure 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We quantified c-Fos immunoreactive (IR) neurons in regions of the brain previously documented to be involved in aspects of homing [13,18] and/or in processing different types of sensory [11,12,19] and/or spatial information [13,18,20]: (i) olfactory bulbs; (ii) the piriform cortex; (iii-v) three subdivisions of the hippocampal formation-the triangular area, dorsomedial area and dorsolateral area; (vi) the dorsal thalamic nucleus; and (vii) the vestibular nucleus ( figures 1c-g and 2). Overall, the experimental manipulation(s) affected the neuronal activity in the analysed regions (ANOVA, p , 0.0001; figure 3; electronic supplementary material, table S1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Odours stimulate neuronal activity in the dorsolateral area of the hippocampal formation during path integration

et al. 2014

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The dorsolateral area of the hippocampal formation of birds is commonly assumed to play a central role in processing information needed for geographical positioning and homing. Previous work has interpreted odourinduced activity in this region as evidence for an 'olfactory map'. Here, we show, using c-Fos expression as a marker, that neuronal activation in the dorsolateral area of the hippocampal formation of pigeons is primarily a response to odour novelty, not to the spatial distribution of odour sources that would be necessary for an olfactory map. Pigeons exposed to odours had significantly more neurons activated in this area of the brain than pigeons exposed to filtered air with odours removed. This increased activity was observed only in response to unfamiliar odours. No change in activity was observed when pigeons were exposed to home odours. These findings are consistent with non-home odours activating non-olfactory components of the pigeon's navigation system. The pattern of neuronal activation in the triangular and dorsomedial areas of the hippocampal formation was, by contrast, consistent with the possibility that odours play a role in providing spatial information.

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“…Although labeled fibers were observed throughout the macula surface, most were located in the striola region of the right utricle with a dense concentration of fibers in the anterior quadrant. These findings are consistent with our previous anterograde tracing study in pigeons that demonstrated the central terminal fields of afferents from each individual vestibular receptor organ (Dickman and Fang 1996).…”

Section: Injection Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, with central BDA injections it is also possible that some of the labeled fibers and terminals in the utricular neuroepithelium were anterogradely labeled efferent fibers. Vestibular efferents are known to have their cell bodies located in the brain stem, ventral and slightly lateral to the abducens nucleus in birds (Dickman and Fang 1996;Eden and Correia 1982). Thus for each animal utilized in the study, the efferent nuclei were bilaterally examined for BDA labeled cell bodies.…”

Section: Efferent Fibers Of the Utriclementioning

confidence: 99%

Afferent Innervation of the Utricular Macula in Pigeons

Zakir

Dickman

2003

Journal of Neurophysiology

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. Biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) was used to retrogradely label afferents innervating the utricular macula in adult pigeons. The pigeon utriclar macula consists of a large rectangular-shaped neuroepithelium with a dorsally curved anterior edge and an extended medioposterior tail. The macula could be demarcated into several regions based on cytoarchitectural differences. The striola occupied 30% of the macula and contained a large density of type I hair cells with fewer type II hair cells. Medial and lateral extrastriola zones were located outside the striola and contained only type II hair cells. A six-to eight-cell-wide band of type II hair cells existed near the center of the striola. The reversal line marked by the morphological polarization of hair cells coursed throughout the epithelium, near the peripheral margin, and through the center of the type II band. Calyx afferents innervated type I hair cells with calyceal terminals that contained between 2 and 15 receptor cells. Calyx afferents were located only in the striola region, exclusive of the type II band, had small total fiber innervation areas and low innervation densities. Dimorph afferents innervated both type I and type II hair cells with calyceal and bouton terminals and were primarily located in the striola region. Dimorph afferents had smaller calyceal terminals with few type I hair cells, extended fiber branches with bouton terminals and larger innervation areas. Bouton afferents innervated only type II hair cells in the extrastriola and type II band regions. Bouton afferents innervating the type II band had smaller terminal fields with fewer bouton terminals and smaller innervation areas than fibers located in the extrastriolar zones. Bouton afferents had the most bouton terminals on the longest fibers, the largest innervation areas with the highest innervation densities of all afferents. Among all afferents, smaller terminal innervation fields were observed in the striola and large fields were located in the extrastriola. The cellular organization and innervation patterns of the utricular maculae in birds appear to represent an organ in adaptive evolution, different from that observed for amphibians or mammals.

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Differential central projections of vestibular afferents in pigeons

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Planar Relationships of the Semicircular Canals in Two Strains of Mice

Planar Relationships of the Semicircular Canals in Two Strains of Mice

Odours stimulate neuronal activity in the dorsolateral area of the hippocampal formation during path integration

Afferent Innervation of the Utricular Macula in Pigeons

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