Different weight gain in women of normal weight before pregnancy: postpartum weight and birth weight

Þórsdóttir, Inga; Birgisdóttir, Bryndís Eva

doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00187-2

Cited by 74 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Tables 1-3 summarize the results of the qualitative analysis. Fifteen prospective studies, 23,24,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]38,[40][41][42][43][44][45] five retrospective studies, 22,[25][26][27][28]37,46 and the control group from a randomized controlled trial 39 were included in the final analysis. Studies in which women were recruited around the time of delivery and then followed prospectively for postpartum body weight (ambivalent design, as baseline weight was assessed retrospectively) 24,29,30,[34][35][36][44][45][46] were considered as prospective in design, as we wanted to focus on the development of postpartum weight change.…”

Section: Qualitative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of studies were conducted in North America [22][23][24]29,35,[37][38][39][40]42,45,46 and Europe, [25][26][27][28]34,36,41,43 where the magnitude of weight retention among women appears to be similar. 39 In developing countries, women retain less weight after pregnancy compared with women in developed countries.…”

Section: Qualitative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…44 Although these studies included different populations, they did not compromise overall homogeneity as the Brazilian study reported mean reduction rates in weight retention similar to European studies. [25][26][27][28][31][32][33][34]36,41,43 The study participants in the study conducted in China recruited middle class women. 44 (Table 1) All but one 34 study were published in English language.…”

Section: Qualitative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] The study populations were mainly recruited from inpatients in departments of obstetrics. [24][25][26][31][32][33]35,36,[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] There was a higher percentage of low-income women in the studies conducted in North America, but socio-economic status was thought to be homogeneous across studies. 35,37,39,42,45,46 The sample size varied between 47 and 1423 women.…”

Section: Qualitative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The association of pregnancy and the development of obesity – results of a systematic review and meta-analysis on the natural history of postpartum weight retention

2007

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Objective: The magnitude of the contribution of childbearing to the development of obesity is not entirely understood. Published studies on postpartum weight retention focus on risk factors and clinical interventions. Pooled estimates of postpartum weight retention have not been reported. We summarized the existing evidence of the natural history of postpartum weight retention and estimated the extent of time after delivery that weight retention is attributable to pregnancy. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of qualitatively homogeneous studies. Data sources: Medline search of published studies between January 1995 and August 2005; bibliography of candidate studies. Review methods: Eligibility: Observational studies and control groups of randomized controlled trials. Independent review and data abstraction including study design, subject characteristics, women's weight and study quality by two reviewers. Metaanalysis of average postpartum weight retention at different points in time after delivery. Sensitivity analysis for study specific covariates using meta-regression. Results: Twenty-five studies describing 21 cohorts met eligibility criteria. Sixteen studies appeared homogeneous enough to be included in the meta-analysis. Average postpartum weight retention decreased continuously until 12 months postpartum (6 weeks: 2.42 (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 2.32-2.52) Body mass index (BMI), 6 months: 1.14 (95% CI: 1.04-1.25) BMI, 12 months: 0.46 (95% CI: 0.38-0.54) BMI). Postpartum weight retention was 0.46 BMI lower in studies with follow-up rate X80% at 6 weeks postpartum compared to studies with lower follow-up rate (Po0.01). Conclusion: Published studies consistently showed a decline in mean body weight within the first year postpartum. Data on body weight later than 12 months postpartum are scarce. The published evidence suggests a re-increase in body weight. As there are rather lifestyle-related than biological reasons for an increase in body weight after one year postpartum, we suggest using the term 'postpartum weight retention' exclusively within a limited period (for example, up to 12-18 months) postpartum.

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Section: Qualitative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Qualitative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Qualitative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Qualitative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The association of pregnancy and the development of obesity – results of a systematic review and meta-analysis on the natural history of postpartum weight retention

2007

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“…Growth rate during the first year has been negatively associated with iron status (Michaelsen et al, 1995;Sherriff et al, 1999). Birth weight in Iceland is among the highest worldwide (Birgisdottir et al, 2002;Thorsdottir & Birgisdottir, 1998), but it is not known if or how size at birth and growth in such a population is associated with iron status in infancy. A high birth weight might protect against iron deficiency through slower growth, as birth weight is negatively associated with postnatal growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron status at 12 months of age — effects of body size, growth and diet in a population with high birth weight

et al. 2003

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Objective: To investigate effects of growth and food intake in infancy on iron status at the age of 12 months in a population with high birth weight and high frequency of breast-feeding. Design: In a longitudinal observational study infants' consumption and growth were recorded. Weighed 2 day food records at the ages of 6, 9 and 12 months were used to analyse food and nutrient intake. Setting: Healthy-born participants were recruited from four maternity wards. Blood samples and growth data were collected from healthcare centres and food consumption data at home. Subjects: Newborn infants (n ¼ 180) were selected randomly according to the mother's domicile and 77% (n ¼ 138) participated, of them, 83% (n ¼ 114), or 63% of original sample, came in for blood sampling. Results: Every fifth child was iron-deficient (serum ferritin < 12 mg=l and mean corpuscular volume < 74 fl) and 2.7% were also anaemic (Hb < 105 g=l). Higher weight gain from 0 to 12 months was seen in infants who were iron-deficient at 12 months (6.7 AE 0.9 kg) than in non-iron-deficient infants (6.2 AE 0.9 kg) (P ¼ 0.050). Serum transferrin receptors at 12 months were positively associated with length gain from 0 to 12 months (adjusted r 2 ¼ 0.14; P ¼ 0.045) and mean corpuscular volume negatively to ponderal index at birth (adjusted r 2 ¼ 0.14; P ¼ 0.019) and 12 months (adjusted r 2 ¼ 0.17; P ¼ 0.006). Irondeficient infants had shorter breast-feeding duration (5.3 AE 2.2 months) than non-iron-deficient (7.9 AE 3.2 months; P ¼ 0.001). Iron status indices were negatively associated with cow's milk consumption at 9 -12 months, significant above 460 g=day, but were positively associated with iron-fortified breakfast cereals, fish and meat consumption. Conclusions: In a population of high birth weight, iron deficiency at 12 months is associated with faster growth and shorter breast-feeding duration from 0 to 12 months of age. The results suggest that a diet of 9 -12-month-olds should avoid cow's milk above 500 g=day and include fish, meat and iron-fortified breakfast cereals to improve iron status.

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Exercise Recommendations for the Obese Gravida

Rompolski¹,

Jakicic²

2011

Pregnancy in the Obese Woman

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Different weight gain in women of normal weight before pregnancy: postpartum weight and birth weight

Cited by 74 publications

References 11 publications

The association of pregnancy and the development of obesity – results of a systematic review and meta-analysis on the natural history of postpartum weight retention

The association of pregnancy and the development of obesity – results of a systematic review and meta-analysis on the natural history of postpartum weight retention

Iron status at 12 months of age — effects of body size, growth and diet in a population with high birth weight

Exercise Recommendations for the Obese Gravida

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