Different Roles of Foveal and Extrafoveal Vision in Ensemble Representation for Facial Expressions

Ji, Luyan; Chen, Wenfeng; Fu, Xiaolan

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-07515-0_17

Cited by 18 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…Although all these studies have been conducted in the Western countries, the specific breakdown of the participants’ ethnic background was not available. We could find only a few exceptions that employed photographs of Asian faces (Chinese faces: Ji et al, 2014; Korean faces: Yang et al, 2013), but only when presented to a group of Chinese and Korean participants, respectively. Therefore, none of the existing studies on crowd emotion perception allows us to directly compare potential differences between Easterners and Westerners in extracting crowd emotion from groups of faces of Easterners vs. Westerners.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The key idea here is that the visual system exploits redundancies and regularities in scenes to extract ensemble representations from groups of similar items, without having to examine each individual object. Recent work on ensemble coding has demonstrated human observers’ remarkable ability to extract average emotion (also termed “crowd emotion”) from sets of faces (e.g., Elias, Dyer, & Sweeny, 2016; Fischer & Whitney, 2011; Haberman, Harp, & Whitney, 2009; Haberman & Whitney, 2007; Hubert-Wallander & Boynton, 2015; Im et al, in press; Ji, Chen, & Fu, 2014; Yang et al, 2013), facial identity (de Fockert & Wolfenstein, 2009; Haberman & Whitney, 2007; Leib et al, 2012; Leib et al, 2014; Neumann, Schweinberger, & Burton, 2013), as well as a crowd’s movements (Brunyé, Howe, & Mahoney, 2014; Sweeny, Haroz, & Whitney, 2012) and eye gaze direction (Florey et al, 2016; Sweeny & Whitney, 2014). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross-cultural and hemispheric laterality effects on the ensemble coding of emotion in facial crowds

Chong

Sun

et al. 2017

Cult. Brain

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In many social situations, we make a snap judgment about crowds of people relying on their overall mood (termed “crowd emotion”). Although reading crowd emotion is critical for interpersonal dynamics, the sociocultural aspects of this process have not been explored. The current study examined how culture modulates the processing of crowd emotion in Korean and American observers. Korean and American (non-East Asian) participants were briefly presented with two groups of faces that were individually varying in emotional expressions and asked to choose which group between the two they would rather avoid. We found that Korean participants were more accurate than American participants overall, in line with the framework on cultural viewpoints: Holistic versus analytic processing in East Asians versus Westerners. Moreover, we found a speed advantage for other-race crowds in both cultural groups. Finally, we found different hemispheric lateralization patterns: American participants were more accurate to perceive the facial crowd to be avoided when it was presented in the left visual field than the right visual field, indicating a right hemisphere advantage for processing crowd emotion of both European American and Korean facial crowds. However, Korean participants showed weak or nonexistent laterality effects, with a slight right hemisphere advantage for European American facial crowds and no advantage in perceiving Korean facial crowds. Instead, Korean participants showed positive emotion bias for own-race faces. This work suggests that culture plays a role in modulating our crowd emotion perception of groups of faces and responses to them.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-cultural and hemispheric laterality effects on the ensemble coding of emotion in facial crowds

Chong

Sun

et al. 2017

Cult. Brain

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“…Ensemble coding provides precise global representation (Alvarez, 2011;Ariely, 2001;Chong & Treisman, 2003;Halberda, Sires, & Feigenson, 2006), with little or no conscious perception (Alvarez & Oliva, 2008;Ariely, 2001;Choo & Franconeri, 2010;Corbett & Oriet, 2011;Parkes et al, 2001) or sampling of individual members in a set (Haberman & Whitney, 2010;Im & Halberda, 2013). Recent work has further shown that ensemble coding occurs for even more complex objects, such as averaging emotion from sets of faces (Fischer & Whitney, 2011;Haberman et al, 2009;Haberman & Whitney, 2007;Hubert-Wallander & Boynton, 2015;Ji, Chen, & Fu, 2014;Yang et al, 2013), facial identity (de Fockert & Wolfenstein, 2009;Haberman & Whitney, 2007;Leib et al, 2012;Leib et al, 2014;Neumann, Schweinberger, & Burton, 2013), as well as a crowd's movements (Brunyé, Howe, & Mahoney, 2014;Sweeny, Haroz, & Whitney, 2013) and gaze direction (Florey et al, 2016;Sweeny & Whitney, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ensemble coding of crowd emotion: Differential hemispheric and visual stream contributions

et al. 2017

Preprint

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The visual system takes advantage of redundancies in the scene by extracting summary statistics from a set of items. Similarly, in many social situations where scrutinizing each individual's expression is inefficient, human observers make snap judgments of crowds of people by reading "crowd emotion" to avoid danger (e.g., mass panic or violent mobs) or to seek help. However, how the brain accomplishes this feat remains unaddressed.Here we report a set of behavioral and fMRI studies in which participants made avoidance or approach decisions by choosing between two facial crowds presented in the left and right visual fields (LVF/RVF). Participants were most accurate for crowds containing task-relevant cues: avoiding angry crowds and approaching happy crowds.

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“…Such extraction of the prevailing crowd state can occur rapidly and efficiently, by representing the groups of faces as a higher-level description in the form of ensemble coding (Alvarez, 2011;Cohen, Dennett, & Kanwisher, 2016;Haberman & Whitney, 2012). Indeed, recent work on ensemble coding has shown human observers' remarkable ability to extract average emotion (also termed "crowd emotion") from sets of faces (e.g., Elias, Dyer, & Sweeny, 2016;Fischer & Whitney, 2011;Haberman, Harp, & Whitney, 2009;Haberman & Whitney, 2007;Hubert-wallander & Boynton, 2015;Im et al, under review;Ji, Chen, & Fu, 2014;Yang et al, 2013), facial identity (de Fockert & Wolfenstein, 2009;Haberman & Whitney, 2007;Leib et al, 2012;Leib et al, 2014;Neumann, Schweinberger, & Burton, 2013), as well as a crowd's movements (Brunyé, Howe, & Mahoney, 2014;Sweeny, Haroz, & Whitney, 2012) and eye gaze direction (Florey et al, 2016;Sweeny & Whitney, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although all these studies have been conducted in the Western countries, the specific breakdown of the participants' ethnic background was not available. We could find only a few exceptions that employed photographs of Asian faces (Chinese faces: Ji et al, 2014; Korean faces: Yang et al, 2013), but only presented to a group of Chinese and Korean participants, respectively. Therefore, none of the existing studies on crowd emotion perception allows us to directly compare how these cultural groups are different in processing crowd emotion from groups of faces of their own and other races.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-cultural effects on ensemble coding of emotion in facial crowds

Chong

Sun

et al. 2017

Preprint

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ManuscriptClick here to download Manuscript Imetal_manuscript.docx peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not . http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/141861 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online May. 24, 2017; Cross-cultural effects on ensemble coding of emotion 2In many social situations, we make a snap judgment about crowds of people relying on their overall mood (termed "crowd emotion"). Although reading crowd emotion is critical for interpersonal dynamics, the sociocultural aspects of this process have not been explored. The current study examined how culture modulates the processing of crowd emotion in Korean and American observers. Korean and American participants were briefly presented with two groups of faces that were individually varying in emotional expressions and asked to choose which group between the two they would rather avoid.We found that Korean participants were more accurate than American participants overall, in line with the framework on cultural viewpoints: Holistic versus analytic processing in East Asians versus Westerners. Moreover, we found a speed advantage for other-race crowds in both cultural groups. Finally, we found different hemispheric lateralization patterns: American participants were more accurate for angry crowds presented in the left visual field and happy crowds presented in the right visual field, replicating previous studies, whereas Korean participants did not show an interaction between emotional valence and visual field. This work suggests that culture plays a role in modulating our crowd emotion perception of groups of faces and responses to them.peer-reviewed)

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Different Roles of Foveal and Extrafoveal Vision in Ensemble Representation for Facial Expressions

Cited by 18 publications

References 30 publications

Cross-cultural and hemispheric laterality effects on the ensemble coding of emotion in facial crowds

Cross-cultural and hemispheric laterality effects on the ensemble coding of emotion in facial crowds

Ensemble coding of crowd emotion: Differential hemispheric and visual stream contributions

Cross-cultural effects on ensemble coding of emotion in facial crowds

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