Different Risk Factors in Basaloid and Common Squamous Head and Neck Cancer

Kleist, Britta; Bankau, Alexander; Lorenz, Gerd; Jäger, Bernd; Poetsch, Micaela

doi:10.1097/00005537-200406000-00020

Cited by 53 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…6,31,32 In the study by Lindel et al, 30 the LC rate was higher in HPV-positive patients, although with possible confounding factors, such as smoking status. 30 Lindel et al suggested that increased radiosensitivity may be caused by the HPV E6 protein, which interferes with the p53 protein, and also by the HPV16 E2 gene, which interferes with the regulation of apoptosis and cell cycle control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…It is worth noting that BSCC has been associated with HPV infections, 6 which tend to be more frequent in the oropharynx, 30 in women, and in nonsmokers who consume no or little alcohol. 6,31,32 In the study by Lindel et al, 30 the LC rate was higher in HPV-positive patients, although with possible confounding factors, such as smoking status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A causal association between BSCC and human papillomavirus (HPV) also is debated. 6 Most BSCC tumors are described with high stage at presentation and seem to have a propensity for lymph node and systemic metastases.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Outcomes after radiotherapy for basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Thariat

Ahamad

El‐Naggar

et al. 2008

Cancer

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BACKGROUND.Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is an uncommon, high‐grade variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck. Its poorer prognosis compared with common SCC remains controversial. The authors investigated the outcomes of patients with BSCC who received radiotherapy and compared them with the outcomes of patients with SCC.METHODS.From 1994 to 2004, 1007 patients received radiotherapy for head and neck carcinoma with lymph node involvement. The histologic types consisted of 51 BSCC, 431 poorly differentiated SCC (PSCC), and 525 well or moderately differentiated SCC (WMSCC). A case–control analysis was performed with BSCC matched against both PSCC and WMSCC to compare disease‐control and survival rates.RESULTS.Patients with BSCC received treatment modalities similar to those received by patients with SCC: They received induction chemotherapy (12%) or concurrent chemotherapy (33%), and a median radiation dose of 70 Gray. Posttreatment viable tumor was present in 44%, 13%, and 28% of neck dissection specimens from patients with BSCC, PSCC, and WMSCC, respectively. The 5‐year disease‐free survival rates (63%, 77%, and 76%, respectively) and overall survival rates (85%, 70%, and 71%, respectively) demonstrated no statistically significant differences for BSCC, PSCC, or WMSCC, respectively.CONCLUSIONS.In this study, a poorer prognosis could not be demonstrated for irradiated patients with BSCC compared with either PSCC or WMSCC. All patients in this study had positive lymph node status, and the majority of patients (84%) had oropharyngeal cancer. The BSCC cohort did have a relatively high rate of viable tumor in their posttreatment neck dissections, and they had a relatively high rate of distant disease. On the basis of the high rate of lung metastases and the possibility of efficient salvage, the authors recommend obtaining a chest computed tomography scan during initial staging and follow‐up. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Outcomes after radiotherapy for basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Thariat

Ahamad

El‐Naggar

et al. 2008

Cancer

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“…Recent studies detected a higher frequency of HPV and HSV in basaloid tumors than in conventional squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck [18]. Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in non smoker young patients revealed infection with HPV, high risk genotype 16.…”

Section: Fig 1 Spindle Cell Variant Of Squamous Cell Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 97%

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Radhi¹

2012

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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“…A possible explanation for this result could be that sarcomatoid carcinomas resemble the more aggressive sarcomas, whereas basaloid variants still show the more structured histology of squamous carcinomas. As some authors speculate about a molecular genetic background for the differences between subtypes of squamous cell carcinomas and some molecular genetic differences have already been demonstrated, [41][42][43][44] further analysis of additional markers and chromosomal regions should be carried out to detect DNA aberrations that characterize aggressive variants.…”

Section: Loss Of Heterozygosity In Penile Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of microsatellite markers in penile cancer reveals differences between metastatic and nonmetastatic carcinomas

et al. 2007

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Penile cancer, observed only rarely in the western world, represents a carcinoma that may be cured by resection of primary lesion and in case of lymph node metastasis by early lymph node dissection. This early inguinal lymphadenectomy bares a significant better survival even in cases of nonpalpable lymph nodes, but carries also a high risk of overtreatment, especially in lower tumor stages. Due to the low incidence, only few data are available on the molecular genetic background of this tumor, especially concerning tumor progression and metastasis. Therefore, we studied 62 microsatellite markers in 28 penile carcinomas searching for markers predicting progression or outcome. LOH in more than 25% of primary tumors was found on six different chromosomes, including 2q, 6p, 8q, 9p, 12q and 17p13. Statistically significant correlations could be established in D6S260 to clinical outcome and in markers from chromosomes 6, 9 and 12 to tumor stage and metastasis. These regions are worthy for further analysis concerning tumor suppressor genes and metastasis suppressor genes. Keywords: penile carcinoma; microsatellite marker; LOH; HPV; metastasis Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) is an uncommon tumor entity in North America and Europe (incidence of 1/100 000). PSCC is characterized by a slow regional tumor progression and frequent metastases of inguinal lymph nodes. The incidence of lymph node metastasis varies from 0-30% in T1 tumors to 25-50% in T2-T3 stages 1 and has been established as the main variable for the survival of patients. PSCC may be cured by resection of primary lesion and involved regional lymph nodes, but inguinal lymphadenectomy is associated with a high risk for complications, such as wound infection, necrosis and moderate to severe lymphedema and a higher mortality. 2,3 Therefore, accurate diagnosis of metastasis is required and the detection of reliable markers for the occurrence of metastasis would result in a great benefit for the patients. In this context, several histopathological factors of the primary penile tumor have been discussed, for example tumor stage, histopathological growth pattern, grade of differentiation, depth of invasion and presence of angioinvasion. [3][4][5][6][7] Additionally, the over-or underexpression of certain proteins has been examined for its importance in tumor progression. Martins et al 8 reported a prognostic significance of tumor suppressor gene p53 and a significant correlation between proliferation cell nuclear antigen and lymph node metastasis. A significant shorter survival in patients with positive p53 immunoreaction of their tumors in combination with detection of HPV DNA has also been demonstrated. 9 Nevertheless, only few studies searched for DNA aberrations in penile carcinoma. Alves et al 10 presented deletions in 13q21-22 and 4q21-32 by means of comperative genomic hybridization. Humbey et al 11 found genetic alterations in exon 4 of the p53 region. No further information about genetic imbalances in penile carcinomas is known until now. Therefore, we ...

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Different Risk Factors in Basaloid and Common Squamous Head and Neck Cancer

Abstract: These results hint at differences in the etiology of two distinct histological entities of head and neck cancer. Further research in this field could complete these preliminary data and provide the background for specific preventive strategies.

Cited by 53 publications

References 26 publications

Outcomes after radiotherapy for basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Outcomes after radiotherapy for basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Screening of microsatellite markers in penile cancer reveals differences between metastatic and nonmetastatic carcinomas

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