Different photodegradation behavior of barnidipine under natural and forced irradiation

Ioele, Giuseppina; Oliverio, Filomena; Andreu, Inmaculada; Luca, Michele De; Miranda, Miguel A.; Ragno, Gaetano

doi:10.1016/j.jphotochem.2010.08.019

Cited by 30 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Gradual decreases of absorbance signals of the DHP chromophoric group were observed in regions 340-400 and 230-250 nm. Simultaneous appearance and increase of a new peak in region 260-310 nm was observed, which was due to the formation of the pyridine group, in agreement with our previous studies (14)(15)(16). The sequence of the recorded spectra for all studied compounds evidenced the formation of photodegradation products.…”

Section: Photostability Studysupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In our previous studies (14)(15)(16)(30)(31)(32), the infl uence of sample concentration on the photodegradation profi le was demonstrated. However, in this study, degradation kinetics and the number of photoproducts remained unchanged with increasing concentration of analytes.…”

Section: Photostability Studymentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Several reports evidence the photolability of DHPs used in therapy (15)(16)(17)(18). Photodegradation tests of the newly synthesized compounds were performed with the aim to identify DHP structures more photostable than the currently known congeners.…”

Section: Photostability Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Formation of a single photoproduct (P1), corresponding to the pyridine derivative according to the literature (14)(15)(16)(17)(18), was calculated for all the studied compounds. Only compound DHP4 showed diff erent behavior with the probable formation of the fi rst degradation product (P1), followed by a secondary photoproduct (P2), as indicated by the number of species involved in the kinetic process, obtained by SVD data elaboration, and by the presence of two k values.…”

Section: Photostability Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The muscle relaxant activity of these compounds was evaluated on isolated rabbit gastric fundus smooth muscle strips and compared to that of NIF. Due to the well-known photo-lability of DHPs (15)(16)(17)(18), the synthesized compounds were subjected to photodegradation tests (19). Concentration of parent compounds and by-products was calculated by multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) applied to the spectral data (20)(21)(22).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and photodegradation studies of analogues of muscle relaxant 1,4-dihydropyridine compounds

et al. 2017

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This paper describes the synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine compounds (DHPs) endowed with good muscle relaxant activity and stability to light. Six new condensed DHPs were synthesized by the microwave irradiation method. A long-chain ester moiety [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] and various substituents on the phenyl ring were demonstrated to aff ect the muscle relaxant activity occurring in isolated rabbit gastric fundus smooth muscle strips. Forced photodegradation conditions were applied to the molecules according to the ICH rules. The degradation profi le of the drugs was monitored by spectrophotometry coupled with the multivariate curve resolution technique. Formation of the oxidized pyridine derivative was observed for all the studied DHPs, except for one compound, which showed very fast degradation and formation of a second photoproduct. Pharmacological tests on the molecules showed a good muscle relaxing eff ect, with a mechanism similar to that of nifedipine, however, proving to be more stable to light.

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Section: Photostability Studysupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Photostability Studymentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Photostability Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Photostability Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and photodegradation studies of analogues of muscle relaxant 1,4-dihydropyridine compounds

et al. 2017

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Exploring an experimental combination of analytical quality by design and green analytical chemistry approaches for development of HPTLC densitometric protocol for the analysis of barnidipine hydrochloride

Shirkhedkar

Chaudhari

2021

Biomedical Chromatography

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An experimental combination of analytical quality by design and green analytical chemistry approaches is introduced to develop an high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography (HPTLC) approach to quantify barnidipine hydrochloride in the pharmaceutical matrix. The analytical quality by design approach was introduced to green analytical chemistry to enhance protocol knowledge while ensuring efficiency and reducing environmental impacts, energy consumption and analyst visibility. This analytical approach was systematically addressed by exploring failure mode effect analysis, risk assessment and optimization design. Subsequently, a screening of primary variables was performed to select the aptest proportion of solvents in the mobile phase resulting from the principles of green analytical chemistry. Failure mode effect analysis and a risk assessment study were attempted to estimate the critical method parameters (CMPs). The influence of the CMPs on critical analytical attributes, i.e. retention factor and peak area, was assessed through a screening design. A response surface methodology was then executed for the critical analytical attributes as a concern of the determined CMPs, and the conditions for excellent resolution were determined using a desirability procedure. The established protocol was validated in compliance with the International Conference on Harmonization guideline Q2(R1) and showed excellent specificity and sensitivity.

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Separation of 1,4-Dihydropyridine Derivative and Its Oxidized Form

et al. 2018

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Different photodegradation behavior of barnidipine under natural and forced irradiation

Cited by 30 publications

References 36 publications

Synthesis and photodegradation studies of analogues of muscle relaxant 1,4-dihydropyridine compounds

Synthesis and photodegradation studies of analogues of muscle relaxant 1,4-dihydropyridine compounds

Exploring an experimental combination of analytical quality by design and green analytical chemistry approaches for development of HPTLC densitometric protocol for the analysis of barnidipine hydrochloride

Separation of 1,4-Dihydropyridine Derivative and Its Oxidized Form

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