Different hydraulic responses to the 2008 Wenchuan and 2011 Tohoku earthquakes in two adjacent far-field wells: the effect of shales on aquifer lithology

Zhang, Yan; Fu, Li‐Yun; Ma, Ying-jeou; Hu, Junhua

doi:10.1186/s40623-016-0555-5

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…We study these wells because they have a long record of continuous measurements sampled with high-enough frequency to enable tidal analysis, and a location far enough from the coast that ocean tides can be neglected and the tidal analysis can use theoretically computed solid-Earth tides. Further, several previous studies have analyzed their responses to earthquakes (Zhang et al, 2016(Zhang et al, , 2022) so we can compare and contrast our findings. LN-3A digital water-level instruments are used to document waterlevel changes.…”

Section: Selection Of Wells and Observationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Long‐ and Short‐Term Effects of Seismic Waves and Coseismic Pressure Changes on Fractured Aquifers

Zhang,

Manga,

et al. 2024

JGR Solid Earth

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Two adjacent groundwater wells on the North China Platform are used to study how earthquakes impacted aquifers. We use the response of water level to solid Earth tides to document changes after earthquakes and how aquifer and fracture properties recovered to pre‐earthquake properties. We consider two models for the phase and amplitude of water level response to the lunar diurnal (O1) and semidiurnal (M2) tides: a leaky aquifer model, and a model in which fracture orientation determines the response. In the leaky aquifer model, changes arise from changes in permeability and storage; in the fracture model, changes are due to changes in apparent orientation of transmissive fractures. Responses in one well are best explained by the leaky aquifer model, and can explain the large amplitude coseismic water level and permeability changes and the non‐recoverable changes after the largest earthquake. Responses in the other well are consistent with the fracture model and show little coseismic change in water level but changes in apparent fracture orientation. Larger ground motions lead to larger coseismic water level changes and longer recovery times. We propose that the well in the more permeable and shallow aquifer has less variable pore‐pressures around the well. Larger coseismic strains from water level changes may enable longer‐lasting changes in aquifer properties. We conclude that relatively high permeability aquifers are less susceptible to impacts from seismic waves, and thus have small changes in water levels and hydrogeological properties.

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Section: Selection Of Wells and Observationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Long‐ and Short‐Term Effects of Seismic Waves and Coseismic Pressure Changes on Fractured Aquifers

Zhang,

Manga,

et al. 2024

JGR Solid Earth

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…Among the tidal constituents, the O1 and M2 tides have large amplitudes and with low barometric effect. Therefore, they are the constituents most widely used in tidal analysis (e.g., Zhang et al 2016;Wang et al 2019). The M2 tide is more popular for its higher accuracy at 12.42 h period (Hsieh et al 1987;Rojstaczer and Agnew 1989;Doan et al 2006), which we apply for the following tide analysis.…”

Section: Aquifer Tidal Response Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a confined system, high permeability usually causes small phase lags, whereas low permeability results in large phase lags. The amplitude response is primary to measure specific storage (Zhang et al 2016).…”

Section: Aquifer Tidal Response Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Various far-field hydrological responses during 2015 Gorkha earthquake at two distant wells

Huang

Zhao

2021

Earth Planets Space

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Aquifer hydraulic parameter can change during earthquakes. Continuous monitoring of the response of water level to seismic waves or solid Earth tides provides an opportunity to document how earthquakes influence hydrological properties. Here, we use data of two groundwater wells, Dian-22 (D22) and Lijiang (LJ) well, in southeast Tibet Plateau in response to the 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha earthquake to illustrate hydrological implications. The coherences of water level and seismic wave before and after the far-field earthquake show systematic variations, which may confirm the coseismic dynamic shaking influence at high frequencies (f > 8 cpd). The tidal response of water levels in these wells shows abrupt coseismic changes of both phase shift and amplitude ratio after the earthquake, which may be interpreted as an occurrence in the vertical permeability of a switched semiconfined aquifer in the D22 well, or an enhancement unconfined aquifer in the LJ well. Using the continuous short-term transmissivity monitoring, we show that the possible coseismic response for about 10 days and instant healing after 10 days to the causal earthquake impact. Thus, the dynamic shaking during the Gorkha earthquake may have caused the short-term aquifer responses by reopening of preexisting vertical fractures and later healing at epicentral distances about 1500 km.

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“…Among the tidal constituents, O1 and M2 tides have large amplitudes and with low barometric effect. Therefore, they are the constituents most widely used in tidal analysis (e.g., Zhang et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2019). M2 tide is more popular for its higher accuracy at 12.42 hour period (Hsieh et al, 1987;Rojstaczer and Agnew 1989;Doan et al, 2006), which we use for the following tide analysis.…”

Section: Aquifer Tidal Response Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Various far-field hydrological responses during 2015 Gorkha earthquake at two distant wells

Huang

Zhang

2020

Preprint

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Aquifer hydraulic parameter can change during earthquakes. Continuous monitoring of the response of water level to seismic waves or solid Earth tides provides an opportunity to document how earthquakes influence hydrological properties. Here we use data of two groundwater wells, Dian-22 (D22) and Lijiang (LJ) well, in southeast Tibet Plateau in response to the 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha earthquake to illustrate hydrological implications. The coherences of water level and seismic wave before and after the far-field earthquake show systematic variations, which may confirm the coseismic dynamic shaking influence at high frequencies (f > 8 cpd). The tidal response of water levels in these wells shows abrupt coseismic changes of both phase shift and amplitude ratio after the earthquake, which may be interpreted as an occurrence in the vertical permeability of a switched semiconfined aquifer in the D22 well, or an enhancement unconfined aquifer in the LJ well . Using the continuous transmissivity monitoring, we show that the possible coseismic response for about 10 days and instant healing after 10 days to the earthquake. Thus, the dynamic shaking during the Gorkha earthquake may have caused the short term aquifer responses by reopening of preexisting vertical fractures and later healing at epicentral distances about 1500 km.

show abstract

Different hydraulic responses to the 2008 Wenchuan and 2011 Tohoku earthquakes in two adjacent far-field wells: the effect of shales on aquifer lithology

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Long‐ and Short‐Term Effects of Seismic Waves and Coseismic Pressure Changes on Fractured Aquifers

Long‐ and Short‐Term Effects of Seismic Waves and Coseismic Pressure Changes on Fractured Aquifers

Various far-field hydrological responses during 2015 Gorkha earthquake at two distant wells

Various far-field hydrological responses during 2015 Gorkha earthquake at two distant wells

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