Different Flower-Inducing Conditions Elicit Different Responses for Free Polyamine Levels in Olive (&lt;i&gt;Olea europaea&lt;/i&gt;) Leaves

Nasir, Semira; Joe, M Bradford

doi:10.2503/jjshs.76.205

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The fact that chilling of defoliated trees shifted bud break from vegetative to reproductive bud growth indicates that metabolic changes within bud tissue from external stimuli are primarily responsible for flower induction in Rio Red grapefruit and this observation is similar to what we observed for flower induction in olives; i.e., developmental change in auxiliary buds could occur independent of leaf metabolism [43].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Inducing Flushing in Citrus Cultivars and Changes in Polyphenols Associated With Bud Break and Flowering

Malik¹,

Pérez²,

Kunta³

2015

Horticulture

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The presence of leaves in citrus inhibit axillary bud break which were released, in several citrus cultivars, as soon as leaves were removed. Since even the presence of small petiole alone was as effective in inhibiting bud growth in Satsuma trees as the whole leaf, this indicates that the supply of sugars or photosynthesis play little role in regulating bud break in Owari Satsuma trees. It appears that physical injury through complete defoliation may trigger hormonal stimulation that in turn initiates the metabolic processes leading to bud break. Majority of bud break from defoliation developed vegetative growth, but, as anticipated, chilling treatment in defoliated plants resulted in majority of buds breaking into flowers. Since differentiation of buds into vegetative or reproductive structures occur in the absence of leaves it indicates that in grapefruit, and possibly other citrus cultivars, metabolic processes leading to flowering occur within the resting bud tissue. Changes in the levels of specific polyphenols occur when buds begin to sprout as vegetative shoot, marked by increase in chlorogenic acid and naringenin levels. When buds develop into reproductive structures then such developmental change accompany dramatic rise in the levels of hesperidin, naringenin, and Apigenin-7-glucoside. In general, the results clearly show a strong inhibition of axillary bud sprouting even with the presence of a small portion of the leaf. Very distinct changes in the levels of specific polyphenols were associated with bud sprouting to vegetative shoot and when it develops into flower.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Inducing Flushing in Citrus Cultivars and Changes in Polyphenols Associated With Bud Break and Flowering

Malik¹,

Pérez²,

Kunta³

2015

Horticulture

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“…Polyamines were extracted from Satsuma leaves according to our previously published method (Malik & Bradford, 2007). Briefly, a 300-mg aliquot of powdered leaf material was mixed with 8 mL of 5% perchloric acid.…”

Section: Polyamine Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in free amino acids and polyamine levels in Satsuma leaves in response to Asian citrus psyllid infestation and water stress

et al. 2014

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The effects of biotic and abiotic stresses on changes in amino acids and polyamine levels in Satsuma orange (Citrus unshiu; cultivar Owari) leaves were investigated. Asian citrus psyllids Diaphorina citri (Kuwayama) (ACP) infestation was used to induce biotic stress while a water deficit was imposed to induce abiotic stress. Potted trees were infested by placing 50 psyllids on 3 citrus leaves enclosed in nylon mesh bags for 5 d. A parallel set of plants were kept water stressed by maintaining the soil at 20% water holding capacity for 5 d. Levels of total free amino acids were higher in water stressed and ACP infested leaves. Polyamine putrescine increased in infested leaves but not in water stressed leaves. Proline was the most abundant amino acid and its levels significantly increased by both biotic and abiotic stresses. Proline levels in infested leaves were significantly higher than the water stressed leaves. Histidine, methionine, asparagine, arginine, serine, and leucine levels also increased significantly in infested leaves, but in water stressed leaves only leucine, methionine, and threonine increased. Levels of amino acids, such as tyrosine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, glutamic acid, and alanine, declined in infested leaves. Under water stress asparagine, phenylalanine, serine, and histidine also declined compared to controls. This indicates that while proteolysis occurred under both stresses, metabolic conversion of amino acids was different under the two stresses. In ACP infested leaves some amino acids may be used as feeding material and/or converted into secondary metabolites for defense.

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“…High contents of free and conjugated polyamines were associated with early stages of flower development in roses (Sood and Nagar 2005). High contents of free putrescine and spermidine were observed under inductive chilling conditions in olive trees (Malik and Bradford 2007). Increased spermine and spermidine contents occurred during the flower induction in the short-day plant Pharbitis nil (Zielińska et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Contents of polyamines during vernalization in wheat and the effect of zearalenone

Filek¹,

Biesaga‐Kościelniak²,

Marcińska³

et al. 2010

Biol. plant.

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The contents of endogenous free and conjugated polyamines, putrescine (Put) and spermidine (Spd), were determined during 9 week of vernalization (at 5 °C) in winter wheat seedlings cultivated on Murashige and Skoog media without (MS0) and with 2 mg dm -3 zearalenone (MSZEN). At the 4 th week of chilling treatment, which is sufficient to induce generative development in 30 % of plants, the marked increase in free and conjugated forms of Put and free Spd were observed. The presence of ZEN in medium significantly accelerated the vernalization. About 20 % of plants treated with ZEN flowered already after 2 weeks and 40 % after 3 weeks of chilling. Significantly higher content of free Put was determined in roots grown on MSZEN compared with MS0 during the first 5 weeks of vernalization with maximum at the 4 th week. After germination, a marked decrease in free Spd content was observed both in plants grown on MS0 and MSZEN. Application of ZEN significantly slowed down the Spd decline in leaves and roots during the first and second week of vernalization. The content of Spd and its conjugates decreased in vernalized plants after 1 week of cultivation at 20 °C.

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Different Flower-Inducing Conditions Elicit Different Responses for Free Polyamine Levels in Olive (<i>Olea europaea</i>) Leaves

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Inducing Flushing in Citrus Cultivars and Changes in Polyphenols Associated With Bud Break and Flowering

Inducing Flushing in Citrus Cultivars and Changes in Polyphenols Associated With Bud Break and Flowering

Changes in free amino acids and polyamine levels in Satsuma leaves in response to Asian citrus psyllid infestation and water stress

Contents of polyamines during vernalization in wheat and the effect of zearalenone

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