Different factors drive the assembly of pine and Panax notoginseng-associated microbiomes in Panax notoginseng-pine agroforestry systems

Abstract

Land-use conversion affects the composition and assembly of plant-associated microbiomes, which in turn affects plant growth, development, and ecosystem functioning. However, agroforestry systems, as sustainable land types, have received little attention regarding the dynamics of different plant-associated microbes. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the assembly mechanisms and the driving factors of pine- and Panax notoginseng (P.n.)-associated microbiomes during the conversion of different pine forests (Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis and Pinus armandii) into P.n.-pine agroforestry systems. The results showed that the conversion of pure pine forest into P.n.-pine agroforestry systems significantly altered the diversity of pine-associated fungi rather than the community structure, and the community structure of P.n.-associated fungi rather than the diversity. Additionally, plant-associated fungi were more responsive to land-use change than bacteria. Main effect analysis revealed that compartment rather than genotype was the driving factor of pine- and P.n.-associated microbiomes, but P.n. cultivation also significantly affected the assembly of pine-associated microbiomes. In addition, there was a transfer of P.n. endophytes to pine trees in agroforestry systems and the beneficial microbiomes (Massilia, Marmoricola, Herbaspirillum, etc.) were enlarged in pine roots. Therefore, the diversity of the assembly mechanisms of P.n.- and pine-associated microbiomes played an important role in the P.n.--pine agroforestry systems and were the basis for the sustainable development of the P.n.--pine agroforestry systems.

The Relationship between Endophytic Fungi of Chimonanthus praecox and Volatile Metabolites under Different Circadian Rhythms and Blooming Stages

“…DNA was extracted from 0.5 g of frozen flowers using the FastDNA ® Spin KitDNA (MP Biomedicals, Southern California, USA) kit according to the manufacturer's protoco The obtained DNA was quantified by using a NanoDrop ® spectrophotometer (ND-2000c Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) for nucleic acid concentration and purity. The en tire fungal ITS1 region was amplified using the primers ITS1F (5′-TCC GTA GGT GAA CCT GCG G-3′) and ITS2R (5′-TCC TCC GCT TAT TGA TAT GC-3′) [41]. The amplifica tion system consisted of 5 × Fast Pfu Buffer 4 μL, 2.5 mM dNTPs 2 μL, Forward Primer ( μM) 0.8 μL, Reverse Primer (5 μM) 0.8 μL, Fast Pfu Polymerase 0.4 μL, BSA 0.2 μL, Tem plate DNA 10 ng, and ddH2O added to 20 μL.…”

Tree root-mediated soil metabolome in agroforestry enhancing the growth and quality of Panax notoginseng

“…Moreover, this system can effectively facilitate the growth and enhance the quality of medicinal plants while concurrently mitigating pests and disease infestations (Wang et al 2021a, b;Xiong et al 2022). For instance, the quality of P. notoginseng divaricate cultivated in pine forests was slightly better than that cultivated in the field especially the content of saponins (Jia et al 2022;Hei et al 2023). The saponins were a critical component of P. notoginseng, exhibiting diverse pharmacological effects and health-promoting properties.…”