Different expression pattern of flowering pathway genes contribute to male or female organ development during floral transition in the monoecious weedAmbrosia artemisiifoliaL. (Asteraceae)

Abstract

The highly allergenic and invasive weed Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. is a monoecius plant with separated male and female flowers. The genetic regulation of floral morphogenesis is a less understood field in the reproduction biology of this species. Therefore the objective of this work was to investigate the genetic control of sex determination during floral organogenesis. To this end, we performed a genome-wide transcriptional profiling of vegetative and generative tissues during the plant development comparing wild-growing and in vitro cultivated plants. RNA-seq on Illumina NextSeq 500 platform with an integrative bioinformatics analysis indicated differences in 80 floral gene expressions depending on photoperiodic and endogenous initial signals. Sex specificity of genes was validated based on RT-qPCR experiments. We found 11 and 16 uniquely expressed genes in female and male transcriptomes that were responsible particularly to maintain fertility and against abiotic stress. High gene expression of homologous such as FD, FT, TFL1 and CAL, SOC1, AP1 were characteristic to male and female floral meristems during organogenesis. Homologues transcripts of LFY and FLC were not found in the investigated generative and vegetative tissues. The repression of AP1 by TFL1 homolog was demonstrated in male flowers resulting exclusive expression of AP2 and PI that controlled stamen and carpel formation in the generative phase. Alterations of male and female floral meristem differentiation were demonstrated under photoperiodic and hormonal condition changes by applying in vitro treatments.

Mapping and identification of genetic loci affecting earliness of bolting and flowering in lettuce

“…PhyC belongs to a family of phytochrome factors (Sharrock and Quail 1989), which have important roles in multiple aspects of plant growth and development, including germination, chloroplast development, photomorphogenesis, shade avoidance and photoperiod dependent owering (Kronenberg and GHM 1994;Franklin et al 2003;Nishida et al 2013). In Arabidopsis, PhyC is not required for long-day induction of owering time (Franklin et al 2003 (Maldonado et al 2019), and was also identi ed in Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Mátyás et al 2019). In this study, COL9 expression was higher in early owering genotypes with the P allele, which could suggest a owering promoting role.…”

Transcriptome profiling dataset of different developmental stage flowers of soybean (Glycine max)

“…Poor quality reads were eliminated by using Trimmomatic software (v0.39) [10] . Contamination sequences and N's were filtered out with a self-developed application GenoUtils as described earlier [11] . Reads passed of pre-processing step were further assembled.…”

ELICE16INDURES®: a plant immune-priming activator targeting jasmonate metabolism via TIFY and RHOMBOID proteins inHordeum vulgare

“…Poor quality reads, adapters at the ends of reads, limited skewing at the ends of reads were eliminated by using Trimmomatic (Bolger et al, 2014). Contamination sequences and N's were filtered out with a self-developed application GenoUtils as described earlier (Mátyás et al, 2019): reads containing N's more than 30 % were eliminated; reads with lower N' ratio were trimmed with a final length > 65. Reads passed of preprocessing were further assembled and analyzed.…”

“…RT-qPCR experiment of GOIs was performed as described earlier (Mátyás et al, 2019). Primers were designed with Primer3 (Koressaar and Remm, 2007;Untergasser et al, 2012)…”