Different environmental requirements of female and male Siberian ibex, Capra sibirica

Han, Lei; Wang, Zhi; Blank, David A.; Wang, Muyang

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-85550-6

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Examinations of prey kill sites indicate that both male and female snow leopards preferentially prey on ibex and argali males [91]. Adult male ibex and adult male argali segregate from females in the summer, using the more moderate slopes at higher elevations [88][89][90][91]. The pattern we notice of male snow leopards using higher elevations may indicate that male snow leopards are able to follow males at this time while female are constrained to the lower, but steeper and more rugged, hillsides in summer to care for young cubs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal space use and habitat selection of GPS collared snow leopards (Panthera uncia) in the Mongolian Altai range

Rosenbaum¹,

Poyarkov

Munkhtsog

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Although the home range and habitat selection of animal species is among the fundamental pieces of biological information collected by research projects during recent decades, published information on the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) home range is limited. The Altai Mountains of central Asia contain some of the largest and most important remaining conservation landscapes for snow leopards globally, but there is a limited understanding of the species’ ecology in this region. First, we used the data from 5 snow leopards equipped with GPS collars at four study sites in the Altai Mountains of Mongolia to broadly characterize patterns of home range use between 2013 and 2019. The data was used to calculate home range size from a 10 month period using three different estimators: minimum convex polygons (MCP), kernel density distributions (KDE), and local convex hulls (LoCoH). Second, ten data sets from 8 individual snow leopards were combined to cover all 12 months of a year and to generate a general additive mixed model of seasonal home range use and seasonal resource use. We found 1) large variation in home ranges between sites during the monitoring period ranging minimally between 26.1 and 395.3km2 (MCP); 2) Local convex hull home ranges were smaller compared to home ranges based on minimum convex polygons and kernels and yielded more biologically appropriate home range estimates; 3) monthly home ranges of males were larger than females; 4) female monthly home ranges decreased in summer, while male monthly range use remained stable throughout the year; and, 5) while both sexes shared similar habitat preference in winter (steep south-western slopes at high elevation), our data suggest different habitat preferences between sexes in summer. Knowledge of the space use of threatened species is crucial for their conservation, and this is especially true for apex predators who often provide benefits for an entire ecosystem. Our study provides a preliminary understanding of the spatial ecology of this important species in an area of critical conservation concern.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal space use and habitat selection of GPS collared snow leopards (Panthera uncia) in the Mongolian Altai range

Rosenbaum¹,

Poyarkov

Munkhtsog

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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“…Ruggedness is also a vital factor that influences the distribution of Siberian ibex in the TNR. The rugged terrain helps ungulates avoid predators [29,76]. In our study, the probability of the presence of ibex decreases accordingly when HII is greater than 15.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Siberian Ibex Capra sibirica Respond to Climate Change by Shifting to Higher Latitudes in Eastern Pamir

et al. 2022

Self Cite

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Climate change has led to shifts in species distribution and become a crucial factor in the extinction of species. Increasing average temperatures, temperature extremes, and unpredictable weather events have all become a part of a perfect storm that is threatening ecosystems. Higher altitude habitats are disproportionately affected by climate change, and habitats for already threatened specialist species are shrinking. The Siberian ibex, Capra sibirica, is distributed across Central Asia and Southern Siberia and is the dominant ungulate in the Pamir plateau. To understand how climate change could affect the habitat of Siberian ibex in the Taxkorgan Nature Reserve (TNR), an ensemble species distribution model was built using 109 occurrence points from a four-year field survey. Fifteen environmental variables were used to simulate suitable habitat distribution under different climate change scenarios. Our results demonstrated that a stable, suitable habitat for Siberian ibex was mostly distributed in the northwest and northeast of the TNR. We found that climate change will further reduce the area of suitable habitat for this species. In the scenarios of RCP2.6 to 2070 and RCP8.5 to 2050, habitat loss would exceed 30%. In addition, suitable habitats for Siberian ibex will shift to higher latitudes under climate change. As a result, timely prediction of the distribution of endangered animals is conducive to the conservation of the biodiversity of mountain ecosystems, particularly in arid areas.

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“…Therefore, temporal partitioning between adult male and female deer appeared mediated by limitations on maternal female activity imposed by fawn predation risk. Risk of offspring predation and nutritional demands of lactation cause spatial and dietary partitioning between adult male and female ungulates (Han et al, 2021;Loe et al, 2006;Main, 2008;Ruckstuhl & Neuhaus, 2002), so our results add to the broad effects of offspring care on intraspecific niche variation in ungulates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

White‐tailed deer exploit temporal refuge from multi‐predator and human risks on roads

Kautz

Fowler

Petroelje

et al. 2022

Ecology and Evolution

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Although most prey have multiple predator species, few studies have quantified how prey respond to the temporal niches of multiple predators which pose different levels of danger. For example, intraspecific variation in diel activity allows white‐tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) to reduce fawn activity overlap with coyotes (Canis latrans ) but finding safe times of day may be more difficult for fawns in a multi‐predator context. We hypothesized that within a multi‐predator system, deer would allocate antipredation behavior optimally based on combined mortality risk from multiple sources, which would vary depending on fawn presence. We measured cause‐specific mortality of 777 adult (>1‐year‐old) and juvenile (1–4‐month‐old) deer and used 300 remote cameras to estimate the activity of deer, humans, and predators including American black bears ( Ursus americanus ), bobcats ( Lynx rufus ), coyotes, and wolves ( Canis lupus ). Predation and vehicle collisions accounted for 5.3 times greater mortality in juveniles (16% mortality from bears, coyotes, bobcats, wolves, and vehicles) compared with adults (3% mortality from coyotes, wolves, and vehicles). Deer nursery groups (i.e., ≥1 fawn present) were more diurnal than adult deer without fawns, causing fawns to have 24–38% less overlap with carnivores and 39% greater overlap with humans. Supporting our hypothesis, deer nursery groups appeared to optimize diel activity to minimize combined mortality risk. Temporal refuge for fawns was likely the result of carnivores avoiding humans, simplifying diel risk of five species into a trade‐off between diurnal humans and nocturnal carnivores. Functional redundancy among multiple predators with shared behaviors may partially explain why white‐tailed deer fawn predation rates are often similar among single‐ and multi‐predator systems.

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Different environmental requirements of female and male Siberian ibex, Capra sibirica

Cited by 12 publications

References 52 publications

Seasonal space use and habitat selection of GPS collared snow leopards (Panthera uncia) in the Mongolian Altai range

Seasonal space use and habitat selection of GPS collared snow leopards (Panthera uncia) in the Mongolian Altai range

Siberian Ibex Capra sibirica Respond to Climate Change by Shifting to Higher Latitudes in Eastern Pamir

White‐tailed deer exploit temporal refuge from multi‐predator and human risks on roads

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