Different endotoxin release and IL-6 plasma levels after antibiotic administration in surgical intensive care patients

Holzheimer, René G; Hirte, J.F.; Reith, B.; Engelhardt, W.; Horak, Konstantin; Leppert, R.; Aasen, Ansgar O.; Capel, P. J. A.; Urbaschek, Renate; Karch, Helge; Thiede, A.

doi:10.1177/096805199600300312

Cited by 19 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Whereas, cefotaxime (7-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoximino]-acetamido cephalosporanate) has high affinity for penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) and induces formation of filamentous cells leading to cell lysis [29] . High endotoxin release in gram negative bacteria ( E.coli) has also been linked to significantly high endotoxin level in plasma and IL-6 pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum [30] . Since, cefotaxime and amikacin were found to release high amounts of endotoxin as compared to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin hence these two antibiotics were selected for in vivo studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zingerone Suppresses Liver Inflammation Induced by Antibiotic Mediated Endotoxemia through Down Regulating Hepatic mRNA Expression of Inflammatory Markers in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Peritonitis Mouse Model

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Antibiotic-induced endotoxin release is associated with high mortality rate even when appropriate antibiotics are used for the treatment of severe infections in intensive care units. Since liver is involved in systemic clearance and detoxification of endotoxin hence it becomes a primary target organ for endotoxin mediated inflammation. Currently available anti-inflammatory drugs give rise to serious side effects. Hence, there is an urgent need for safe and effective anti-inflammatory therapy. It is likely that anti-inflammatory phytochemicals and neutraceutical agents may have the potential to reduce the endotoxin mediated inflammation and complications associated with endotoxin release. Keeping this in mind, the present study was planned to evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of zingerone (active compound of zingiber officinale) against liver inflammation induced by antibiotic mediated endotoxemia. The selected antibiotics capable of releasing high content of endotoxin were employed for their in vivo efficacy in P.aeruginosa peritonitis model. Released endotoxin induced inflammation and zingerone as co-anti-inflammatory therapy significantly reduced inflammatory response. Improved liver histology and reduced inflammatory markers MDA, RNI, MPO, tissue damage markers (AST, ALT, ALP) and inflammatory cytokines (MIP-2, IL-6 and TNF-α) were indicative of therapeutic potential of zingerone. The mechanism of action of zingerone may be related to significant inhibition of the mRNA expression of inflammatory markers (TLR4, RelA, NF-kB2, TNF- α, iNOS, COX-2) indicating that zingerone interferes with cell signalling pathway and suppresses hyper expression of cell signaling molecules of inflammatory pathway. Zingerone therapy significantly protected liver from endotoxin induced inflammatory damage by down regulating biochemical as well as molecular markers of inflammation. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that zingerone is a potent anti-inflammatory phytomedicine against hepatic inflammation induced by antibiotic mediated endotoxemia. These results thus suggest that zingerone treatment can be used as a co-therapy with antibiotics to reduced endotoxin induced inflammation during treatment of severe P.aeruginosa infections.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zingerone Suppresses Liver Inflammation Induced by Antibiotic Mediated Endotoxemia through Down Regulating Hepatic mRNA Expression of Inflammatory Markers in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Peritonitis Mouse Model

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Bacteremia and endotoxemia are two lethal states in Gram-negative sepsis. Various antibiotics have been used clinically, although they release endotoxin and cell wall components into the circulation [20,23,24]. Endotoxin is a well known potent initiator which promotes septic shock by eliciting excess in£ammatory cytokine secretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of O-antigenic polysaccharide of Escherichia coli on endotoxin neutralizing activity of lysozyme

Liang¹

1998

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Endotoxemia is considered to be associated with the high mortality of gram-negative septic patients. Increasing evidence shows that beta-lactam antibiotics have a propensity to induce endotoxin release from the bacterial outer membrane while killing bacteria. We have recently found that egg white lysozyme (EW-LZM) shows strong inhibition of beta-lactam induced bacteriolysis and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) release from Escherichia coli O111, resulting in reduction of the LPS-initiated inflammatory response. In this study, we compared the effect of EW-LZM on E. coli J5, which possesses rough-type LPS (RaLPS), in order to demonstrate the effect of O-antigenic polysaccharide on endotoxin neutralizing activity of EW-LZM and on inhibition of beta-lactam induced lysis by LZM. Both of the beta-lactam induced bacterial lysis and subsequent LPS release were almost completely inhibited by EW-LZM. The effect was more potent than that of wild-type LPS as assessed by released LPS concentration and LPS induced cytokine syntheses. In addition, EW-LZM was effective against lethal infection of E. coli J5 in cyclophosphamide induced leukopenic mice. These facts strongly suggested that O-antigenic polysaccharide negatively modulates LPS neutralizing activity of EW-LZM.

show abstract

“…As in the case of HUS pa tients, a fur ther ra tio nale for the ap pli ca tion of BCC in trauma pa tients is that the use of bac te ri cidal an ti bi otics can pro voke or re in force endotoxin emia [Holzheimer et al 1996, Seifert et al 2002.…”

Section: Intra-enteral Neutralization Of Lipopolysaccharides (Endotoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine colostrum as a biologic in clinical medicine: A review – Part II: Clinical studies

Struff¹,

Sprotte²

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bo vine colostrum as a bi o logic in clin i cal med i cine: A re view-Part II Ab stract. The value of bo vine colostrum as a bi o logic in med i cine is doc u mented in clin i cal tri als and sup ported by rel a tively large databases con tain ing case re ports and an ec dotal find ings. The main ac tions in clude an an ti bac te rial ef fect and mod u la tion of the im mune re sponse. The abil ity of bo vine colos trum con cen trates (BCC are polyvalent bo vine colostrum con cen trates pro duced from the colos trums of sev eral 100 cows) to neu tral ize lipopolysaccharides, i.e. endo tox ins aris ing from Gram-neg a tive bac te rial pathogens and to in hibit enterogenic endotoxemia in an i mal mod els as shown in the last re view to have its coun ter part in pa tient ther apy. Clin ical tri als with BCC pro vide ev i dence that oral ap pli ca tion re duces the in flux of LPS from the gut and this ap pears to be a ma jor mech anism un der ly ing its ther a peu tic ef fect in patients at risk for Gram-neg a tive sep tic shock; data from two well-con trolled clin i cal stud ies with a to tal of 100 sur gi cal pa tients have shown that the in hi bi tion of in tes ti nal LPS absorp tion mea sured af ter the ap pli ca tion of BCC not only re duced the LPS lev els in the pe riph eral blood but also in flam ma tory param e ters like IL-6 and CRP were found to be di min ished. The usual daily dose of the com mer cially avail able BCC prep a ra tion, Lactobin ® (LC1) is 10-20 g daily, but higher doses can be used in the ma jor ity of pa tients be cause of the low in ci dence of in tol er ance prob lems. In chronic di ar rhea in volv ing severe forms of sec ond ary immunodeficiencies, pa tients re ceiv ing LC1 were disease-free for about 4 weeks but the re sponse may be lower in pa tients with AIDS. BCC is ef fec tive in in fants with hem or rhagic di ar rhea caused by in fec tions with enterohemorrhagic E. coli and re duces the like li hood of the disease pro gress ing to a hemolytic uremic syndrome. The safety of newer BCC prod ucts ob tained from BSE-free re gions seems now be yond con ten tion. In the case of LC1, which was used as a com mer cial di etary food stuff in Ger many un til 1992 and tested in three Phase 1 and 5 clin i cal stud ies (two tri als in pa tients with sec ond ary immunodeficiencies, one in sur gi cal pa tients with gas tro in tes ti nal dis orders, one in pa tients un der go ing open heart sur gery and one in pe di at ric pa tients with EHEC in fec tions), there were no cases of BSE-as so ci ated dis ease such as the new variant of Creutz feldt-Jakob dis ease. Side ef fects of clin i cal rel e vance are lim ited to pos si ble in tol er ance to lac tose and sen si tiv ity to milk pro teins as these are also pres ent in many com monly used food stuffs. Im por tant syn ergis tic ac tions with con ven tional drug ther apies have been ob served with BCC in clud ing a re duc tion in LPS plasma lev els in pa tients with Gram-neg a tive bac te rial in fec tions treated with bac te ri cidal an ti bi ot ics...

show abstract

Different endotoxin release and IL-6 plasma levels after antibiotic administration in surgical intensive care patients

Cited by 19 publications

References 28 publications

Zingerone Suppresses Liver Inflammation Induced by Antibiotic Mediated Endotoxemia through Down Regulating Hepatic mRNA Expression of Inflammatory Markers in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Peritonitis Mouse Model

Zingerone Suppresses Liver Inflammation Induced by Antibiotic Mediated Endotoxemia through Down Regulating Hepatic mRNA Expression of Inflammatory Markers in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Peritonitis Mouse Model

Effect of O-antigenic polysaccharide of Escherichia coli on endotoxin neutralizing activity of lysozyme

Bovine colostrum as a biologic in clinical medicine: A review – Part II: Clinical studies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About