Different Endocrine Effects of an Evening Dose of Amitriptyline, Escitalopram, and Placebo in Healthy Participants

Frase, Lukas; Doerr, John Peter; Feige, Bernd; Rechenbach, Maria; Fiebich, Bernd L.; Riemann, Dieter; Nissen, Christoph; Voderholzer, Ulrich

doi:10.9758/cpn.2018.16.3.253

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Furthermore, some studies have found that SSRIs modulate hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis activity. Research has identified both positive and negative changes in plasma and salivary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol following treatment with different SSRIs (Glintborg et al, 2018; Nikisch et al, 2005) – although this is not always observed (Frase et al, 2018). Cortisol modulation of the immune system may also facilitate a host-mediated effect of SSRIs on the GM (Powell et al, 2017).…”

Section: Potential Framework For Ssris Modulation Of the Gut Microbimentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the antimicrobial side of antidepressants and its putative implications on the gut microbiome

McGovern

Hamlin

Winter

2019

Aust N Z J Psychiatry

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Objective: Serotonin reuptake inhibitors are the predominant treatment for major depressive disorder. In recent years, the diversity of the gut microbiota has emerged to play a significant role in the occurrence of major depressive disorder and other mood and anxiety disorders. Importantly, the role of the gut microbiota in the treatment of such disorders remains to be elucidated. Here, we provide a review of the literature regarding the effects of physiologically relevant concentrations of serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the gut microbiota and the implications this might have on their efficacy in the treatment of mood disorders. Methods: First, an estimation of gut serotonin reuptake inhibitor concentrations was computed based on pharmacokinetic and gastrointestinal transit properties of serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Literature regarding the in vivo and in vitro antimicrobial properties of serotonin reuptake inhibitors was gathered, and the estimated gut concentrations were examined in the context of these data. Computer-based investigation revealed putative mechanisms for the antimicrobial effects of serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Results: In vivo evidence using animal models shows an antimicrobial effect of serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the gut microbiota. Examination of the estimated physiological concentrations of serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the gastrointestinal tract collected from in vitro studies suggests that the microbial community of both the small intestine and the colon are exposed to serotonin reuptake inhibitors for at least 4 hours per day at concentrations that are likely to exert an antimicrobial effect. The potential mechanisms of the effect of serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the gut microbiota were postulated to include inhibition of efflux pumps and/or amino acid transporters. Conclusion: This review raises important issues regarding the role that gut microbiota play in the treatment of mood-related behaviours, which holds substantial potential clinical outcomes for patients suffering from major depressive disorder and other mood-related disorders.

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Section: Potential Framework For Ssris Modulation Of the Gut Microbimentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the antimicrobial side of antidepressants and its putative implications on the gut microbiome

McGovern

Hamlin

Winter

2019

Aust N Z J Psychiatry

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“…Another study [15] indicated that Amitriptyline reduces Ghrelin and Cortisol. Ghrelin lead to food intake [16], and high levels of cortisol are associated with weight increase, especially abdominal obesity [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2023

J. Med. Chem. Sci.

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The study aimed to discover the effect of Amitriptyline and Escitalopram on body weight and their effects on tissues of the testis and epididymis. These drugs were hypothesized to affect fertility due to their use in the treatment of depression. A group of male mice was administrated amitriptyline and another group Escitalopram for six weeks at dose of (10 mg/kg) twice a day. Then, the tissue sections of the testis and epididymis were prepared, and histopathological revealed histological changes in the testis and epididymis. It was concluded that the use of Amitriptyline and Ascitalopram causes decrease of spermatogonia, proliferation of Sertoli cells, and a decrease in spermatid, which leads to decrease of sperm.

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“…First, we did not control the dosage, types, and duration of medications. Given the possible effects of medication on morning cortisol levels [ 36 , 37 ] future research should adjust the related factors. Second, PTSD patients recruited in this study were not strictly homogeneous in terms of their trauma types (e.g., the patient group included victims of traffic accidents, defectors, etc.).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Dissociative Symptoms and Morning Cortisol Levels in Patients with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Lee

Min

Baik

et al. 2022

Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci

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Objective Patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) showed inconsistencies in their cortisol level, an index of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function. This study examined the relationship between dissociation, childhood trauma, and morning cortisol levels in PTSD patients. Methods This study included 69 (23 males and 46 females) patients and 82 (22 males and 60 females) healthy controls (HCs). Clinical assessments, including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and Peri-traumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire scores, and morning cortisol levels were evaluated. The morning cortisol levels were compared between PTSD with high dissociation and low dissociation (PTSD-LD) groups. The effect of CTQ subtype on morning cortisol levels was analyzed. Results The PTSD with high dissociation group showed significantly lower cortisol levels than that of the PTSD-LD and HC groups. A significant inverse correlation was found between cortisol levels and dissociation. A significant positive correlation was found between dissociation and physical abuse and sexual abuse scores. Morning cortisol levels showed a significant positive correlation with emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect, respectively. There was no moderating or mediating effect of CTQ on the relationship between cortisol level and dissociation. Conclusion These findings suggest that dissociation is a significant factor related to hypocortisolism in PTSD patients. Additionally, basal morning cortisol levels and dissociation scores were closely associated with childhood trauma.

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Different Endocrine Effects of an Evening Dose of Amitriptyline, Escitalopram, and Placebo in Healthy Participants

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

A review of the antimicrobial side of antidepressants and its putative implications on the gut microbiome

A review of the antimicrobial side of antidepressants and its putative implications on the gut microbiome

Untitled

Association between Dissociative Symptoms and Morning Cortisol Levels in Patients with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

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