Different effects of visual deprivation on vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-containing cells in the retinas of juvenile and adult rats

Herbst, Heinz; Thier, Peter

doi:10.1007/bf00228724

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…VIP‐tdTomato retinas were evaluated for the expression of VIP immunoreactivity. Very weak to weak VIP immunostaining was in small diameter cell bodies in the INL and GCL, and their processes were mainly in strata 1, 3, and 4 of the IPL (Figure b) consistent with previous reports of VIP immunoreactivity in mouse and rat retinas (Lorén et al, ; Eriksen & Larsson, ; Tornqvist et al, ; Terubayashi et al, ; Herbst & Thier, ; Cellerino et al, ). In retinal sections, VIP‐tdTomato fluorescent cell bodies and their processes in both the ON and OFF sublayers of the IPL contained VIP immunoreactivity (Figure ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In rat retina, a double label in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry study showed co-localization of VIP mRNA and immunoreactivity in amacrine cells (Casini, Molnar, & Brecha, 1994). In mouse and rat retina, other VIP antibodies immunostain amacrine cells with processes that are distributed to multiple strata in the IPL (Lor en, Tornqvist, & Alumets, 1980;Eriksen & Larsson, 1981;Tornqvist et al, 1982;Terubayashi et al, 1983;Herbst & Thier, 1996;Cellerino et al, 2003).…”

Section: Syntaxin 1amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple cell types form the VIP amacrine cell population

Müller

Solomon

Sheets

et al. 2017

J of Comparative Neurology

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Amacrine cells are a heterogeneous group of interneurons that form microcircuits with bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cells to process visual information in the inner retina. This study has characterized the morphology, neurochemistry and major cell types of a VIP-ires-Cre amacrine cell population. VIP-tdTomato and -Confetti (Brainbow2.1) mouse lines were generated by crossing a VIP-ires-Cre line with either a Cre-dependent tdTomato or Brainbow2.1 reporter line. Retinal sections and whole-mounts were evaluated by quantitative, immunohistochemical, and intracellular labeling approaches. The majority of tdTomato and Confetti fluorescent cell bodies were in the inner nuclear layer (INL) and a few cell bodies were in the ganglion cell layer (GCL). Fluorescent processes ramified in strata 1, 3, 4, and 5 of the inner plexiform layer (IPL). All tdTomato fluorescent cells expressed syntaxin 1A and GABA-immunoreactivity indicating they were amacrine cells. The average VIP-tdTomato fluorescent cell density in the INL and GCL was 535 and 24 cells/mm , respectively. TdTomato fluorescent cells in the INL and GCL contained VIP-immunoreactivity. The VIP-ires-Cre amacrine cell types were identified in VIP-Brainbow2.1 retinas or by intracellular labeling in VIP-tdTomato retinas. VIP-1 amacrine cells are bistratified, wide-field cells that ramify in strata 1, 4, and 5, VIP-2A and 2B amacrine cells are medium-field cells that mainly ramify in strata 3 and 4, and VIP-3 displaced amacrine cells are medium-field cells that ramify in strata 4 and 5 of the IPL. VIP-ires-Cre amacrine cells form a neuropeptide-expressing cell population with multiple cell types, which are likely to have distinct roles in visual processing.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Syntaxin 1amentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple cell types form the VIP amacrine cell population

Müller

Solomon

Sheets

et al. 2017

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…3). As described in previous studies in rat and mouse retina [5,8,15,34,36], VIP-like immunoreactivity was found in rounded or pear-shaped cell bodies of scattered amacrine cells in the inner nuclear layer and occasionally of amacrine cells displaced in the inner plexiform layer or ganglion cell layer. VIP immunoreactive Fig.…”

Section: Distribution Of Glucagon-related Peptides In the Mouse Retinamentioning

confidence: 61%

“…VIP and PHI also share a common precursor molecule (e.g., [30]) and they were both localized in the mouse eye. Previous studies suggested that VIP expression is controlled by light exposure [8,15,23], as shown by lid suture or dark rearing experiments in primates and rats. Ekman and Tornqvist [7] showed that the retinal glucagon-like immunoreactivity was high in the retinae of birds and cold-blooded animals, but not in mammals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucagon-related peptides in the mouse retina and the effects of deprivation of form vision

Mathis

Schaeffel

2006

Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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“…GABA tonic release, suppressing rod function, is greater in darkness (Boatright et al, 1994); norepinephrine disappears in darkness (Jaffe et al, 1991), and the number of VIPþ cells declines linearly in darkness (Herbst & Thier, 1996). However, as far as we know, none of these neurochemicals has been studied with regard to the rod ERG.…”

Section: Rod Erg Following Four Days In Darknessmentioning

confidence: 95%

Human Retinal Light Sensitivity and Melatonin Rhythms Following Four Days in Near Darkness

Danilenko

Plisov

Wirz‐Justice³

et al. 2009

Chronobiology International

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The rods in the retina are responsible for night vision, whereas the cone system enables day vision. We studied whether rod function in humans exhibits an endogenous circadian rhythm and if changes occur in conditions of prolonged darkness. Seven healthy subjects (mean age+/-SD: 25.6+/-12.3 yr) completed a 4.5-day protocol during which they were kept in complete darkness (days 1 and 4) and near darkness (<0.1 lux red light, days 2 and 3). Electroretinography (ERG) and saliva collections were done at intervals of at least 3 h for 27 h on days 1 and 4. Full-field ERGs were recorded over 10 low-intensity green light flashes known to test predominantly rod function. As a circadian marker, salivary melatonin concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay. The ERG data showed that rod responsiveness to light progressively diminished in darkness (significantly lower a- and b-wave amplitudes, longer b-wave implicit time). The decrease in amplitude (b-wave) from day 1 to day 4 averaged 22+/-14%. After correction for the darkness-related linear trend, the circadian variations in ERG indices were weak and usually non-significant, with slightly higher responsiveness to light during the day than night. Rod sensitivity (by K index) tended to decrease. Strikingly, the overall amount of melatonin secretion (area under 24 h curve) also decreased from day 1 to day 4 by 33.1+/-18.9% (p=.017). The drift of the melatonin rhythm phase was within the normal range, less than 56 min over three days. There was no significant correlation between the changes in ERG responses and melatonin. In conclusion, scotopic retinal response to (low-intensity) light and the amount of melatonin secreted are diminished when humans are kept in continuous darkness. Both processes may have a common underlying mechanism implicating a variety of neurochemicals known to be involved in the regulation of both photoreceptor and pineal gland function.

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Different effects of visual deprivation on vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-containing cells in the retinas of juvenile and adult rats

Cited by 9 publications

References 42 publications

Multiple cell types form the VIP amacrine cell population

Multiple cell types form the VIP amacrine cell population

Glucagon-related peptides in the mouse retina and the effects of deprivation of form vision

Human Retinal Light Sensitivity and Melatonin Rhythms Following Four Days in Near Darkness

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