Different effects of soybean isoflavone genistein on transforming growth factor levels during orthodontic tooth movement among young and old rabbits

Abstract

Background: Orthodontic treatment to improve aesthetics and for health reasons is performed in children and adults. Elderly individuals have low levels of estrogen, this results in alveolar bone resorption being greater than alveolar bone apposition. Isoflavones present in soybeans may be able to improve the remodeling process through the induction of osteoblastogenesis by increasing transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) levels. This study aimed to assess the comparative effect of soybean genistein isoflavone to TGF-β1 during orthodontic tooth movement among juvenile and adult rabbits. Methods: In this study, 12 healthy female rabbits were used. Subjects were divided into four groups (n=3); YG group (young rabbits), YGI group (young rabbits + isoflavones genistein), OG group (old rabbits), and OGI group (old rabbits + isoflavones genistein). Two lower incisors of the rabbit were moved distally using an orthodontic force (50 grams force) delivered by an open coil spring, which was inserted between two brackets. During active movements, the genistein isoflavones were given from the initial installation of the device until days 21, at a dose of 1.2 mg/kg BW once a day. Measurement of TGF-β levels were performed on days 1, 7, 14, 21 after appliance installation. TGF-β1 expression was analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the optical density (OD) of the sample quantifed using a standard curve. The data obtained were analyzed using one-way Anova followed by Tukey HSD test. Results: The TGF-β1 levels were found to highest in the YGI group, and the TGF-β levels were significantly lower in the OG group (p<0.05). ELISA analysis also revealed that TGF-β1 levels of the OGI group were significantly higher when compared with the OG group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The administration of soybean genistein isoflavones could improve TGF-β1 levels in old rabbit’s during active orthodontic tooth movement.

Evaluation of the effects of diode laser application on experimental orthodontic tooth movements in rats. Histopathological analysis

“…For these reasons, it was important to use rats as experimental animals. Researchers stated that orthodontic tooth movements occur faster in young experimental animals 39 , 40 . In addition, it has been reported that tooth movement is slower in adults due to low proliferative activity in periodontal ligament and alveolar bone proportional to age 41 .…”

Open surgical exposure of two horizontally impacted maxillary incisors combined with orthodontic treatment: A case report

“…Contemporary society is currently experiencing a heightened inclination towards cosmetic dentistry, consequently rendering orthodontics an essential necessity [ 1 ]. Maxillary anterior teeth that have not erupted may significantly impair the looks of the teeth and face, as well as negatively affect the patient's nutritional and psychological well-being.…”

Effectiveness of the Attachment Design and Thickness of Clear Aligners during Orthodontic Anterior Retraction: Finite Element Analysis

“…One of the most common operations in cosmetic dentistry is orthodontic treatment, which is done to straightens the teeth to provide a healthy occlusion and an aesthetically pleasing appearance. 1,2 Clear aligner treatment (CAT), which was introduced to the market in the late 1990s, has become an important aspect of orthodontics. CAT has gained popularity among orthodontists and patients due to its comfort.…”