Different effects of phagocytosable particles during bone formation versus remodeling

Goodman, Stuart B.; Aspenberg, Per; Song, Yong; Regula, Donald; Lidgren, Lars

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(199623)33:3<153::aid-jbm5>3.0.co;2-p

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It induces osteogenesis and chondrogenesis by mesenchymal cells, stimulates osteoblasts to proliferate and synthesise collagen and extracellular matrix, and inhibits the function of osteoclasts. [1][2][3] Previous studies using the BHC and the rabbit tibial model have shown a suppression of net bone formation in the presence of polyethylene particles [9][10][11][12] as a result of a decrease in the formative pathways of bone and an increase in bone resorption. [9][10][11] We hypothesised that exogenous TGF␤ would enhance tissue differentiation into bone and reverse in part the suppressive effects of polyethylene particles on the net formation of bone in the BHC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] Previous studies using the BHC and the rabbit tibial model have shown a suppression of net bone formation in the presence of polyethylene particles [9][10][11][12] as a result of a decrease in the formative pathways of bone and an increase in bone resorption. [9][10][11] We hypothesised that exogenous TGF␤ would enhance tissue differentiation into bone and reverse in part the suppressive effects of polyethylene particles on the net formation of bone in the BHC. After two weeks, treatment with TGF␤1 was associated with a decrease in the net formation of bone and an increase in the number of vitronectin-receptor-positive cells in total and in the interstitium, compared with treatment with polyethylene particles alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bone harvest chamber (BHC) is a device made of commercially pure titanium and is implanted into the proximal part of the medial tibial metaphysis of rabbits. [9][10][11] The outer cylinder is screwed into bone, so that the two, 1 mm round holes in the cylinder are at the level of the cortex. The cylinder undergoes osseointegration with the surrounding bone.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of TGFβ on bone ingrowth in the presence of polyethylene particles

Goodman¹,

Song²,

Chun³

et al. 1999

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery

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We implanted bone harvest chambers (BHCs) bilaterally in ten mature male New Zealand white rabbits. Polyethylene particles (0.3+/-0.1 microm in diameter, 6.4 x 10(12) particles/ml) were implanted for two, four or six weeks bilaterally in the BHCs, with subsequent removal of the ingrown tissue after each treatment. In addition to the particles, one side also received 1.5 microg of recombinant transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1). At two weeks, the bone area as a percentage of total area was less in chambers containing TGFbeta compared with those with particles alone (7.8+/-1.3% v 16.9+/-2.7% respectively; 95% confidence interval (CI) for difference -14.0 to -4.30; p = 0.002). At four weeks, the percentage area of bone was greater in chambers containing TGFbeta compared with those with particles alone (31.2+/-3.4% v 22.5+/-2.0% respectively; 95% CI for difference 1.0 to 16.4; p = 0.03). There were no statistical differences at six weeks, despite a higher mean value with TGFbeta treatment (38.2+/-3.9% v 28.8 +/-3.5%; 95% CI for difference -4.6 to 23.3; p = 0.16). The number of vitronectin-receptor-positive cells (osteoclast-like cells) was greater in the treatment group with TGFbeta compared with that with particles alone; most of these positive cells were located in the interstitium, rather than adjacent to bone. TGFbeta1 is a pleotropic growth factor which can modulate cellular events in the musculoskeletal system in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Our data suggest that there is an early window at between two and six weeks, in which TGFbeta may favourably affect bone ingrowth in the BHC model. Exogenous growth factors such as TGFbeta may be a useful adjunct in obtaining osseointegration and bone ingrowth, especially in revisions when there is compromised bone stock and residual particulate debris.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of TGFβ on bone ingrowth in the presence of polyethylene particles

Goodman¹,

Song²,

Chun³

et al. 1999

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery

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“…27 In contrast, inhibitory effects on bone formation of PE, titanium alloy, and cobalt-chromium-alloy particles have been found in the same experimental model in rabbits. [37][38][39] However, contro- No significant differences (one-way ANOVA) between any of parameters were found; 95% confidence interval for the mean is given in parentheses. No significant differences (one-way ANOVA) between any of parameters were found; 95% confidence interval for the mean is given in parentheses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In a bone harvest chamber study, bone formation occurred despite the presence of HA particles 27. In contrast, inhibitory effects on bone formation of PE, titanium alloy, and cobalt‐chromium‐alloy particles have been found in the same experimental model in rabbits 37–39. However, controversies still exist about the effect of HA particles, because in vitro studies indicate that these particles may lead to osteolysis and decreased bone formation 19, 20, 21, 25.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No effect of hydroxyapatite particles in phagocytosable sizes on implant fixation: An experimental study in dogs

Rahbek

Kold

Bendix

et al. 2005

J Biomedical Materials Res

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The influence of wear debris on bone healing around orthopedic implants is debated. Hydroxyapatite (HA) particles and polyethylene (PE) particles have been shown to have a negative effect on osteoblast cultures in vitro. The present study investigated the in vivo effects of HA and PE particles on the mechanical fixation and gap healing around experimental HA implants. Nonloaded implants (n = 30) were inserted bilaterally into the proximal tibia of 15 dogs with a 2-mm gap to the bone. The peri-implant gap was either (1) empty (n = 6) or filled with (2) hyaluronic acid (n = 8), (3) hyaluronic acid and HA particles (n = 8), or (4) hyaluronic acid and PE particles (n = 8). After 4 weeks, the animals were killed. The implant interface was evaluated by pushout testing until failure and by histomorphometry. Both HA and PE particles were found to be phagocytosed by macrophage-like cells in the interfacial tissue. HA particles were also integrated in newly formed bone. We found no negative effect of the particulate material on mechanical fixation of the implants or on bone formation around the implants.

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Histological and compositional evaluations of three types of calcium phosphate cements when implanted in subcutaneous tissue immediately after mixing

Miyamoto

Ishikawa

Takechi

et al. 1999

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

143

103

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To evaluate the soft tissue response of calcium phosphate cement (CPC), consisting of an equimolar mixture of tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) and dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) under conditions close to those encountered in actual surgical procedures, we implanted three types of CPC [conventional CPC (c-CPC), fast-setting CPC (FSCPC), and antiwashout type FSCPC (aw-FSCPC; formerly called nondecay type FSCPC or nd-FSCPC)] subcutaneously in the abdomens of rats immediately (1 min) after mixing. At 1 week after surgery, histological examination and compositional analysis were performed using light microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The implanted c-CPC was crumbled completely, whereas FSCPC and aw-FSCPC retained their shape. Large vesicles containing copious inflammatory effusion were subcutaneously formed around the c-CPC. Histologically, many foreign-body giant cells were collected around the c-CPC, and moderate inflammatory cell infiltration was observed at 1 week after surgery. In contrast, the FSCPC and aw-FSCPC were covered with a thin layer of granulation tissue that included few giant cells and presented slight inflammatory cell infiltration, and no effusion was observed. The XRD analysis of the c-CPC revealed the presence of some unreacted DCPA even 1 week after implantation, whereas almost no DCPA was found in the FSCPC or aw-FSCPC. In conclusion, it was found that CPC does not always show excellent tissue response. When c-CPC is implanted subcutaneously in rats immediately after mixing, it fails to set and causes a severe inflammatory response. Therefore, the type of CPC should be chosen according to the clinical particulars. CPC should be used in a manner that assures its setting reaction. We recommend the use of FSCPC and aw-FSCPC for surgical applications, such as orthopedics, plastic and reconstructive surgery, and oral and maxillofacial surgery, where the cement might otherwise crumble due to the pressure before setting.

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Different effects of phagocytosable particles during bone formation versus remodeling

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Effects of TGFβ on bone ingrowth in the presence of polyethylene particles

Effects of TGFβ on bone ingrowth in the presence of polyethylene particles

No effect of hydroxyapatite particles in phagocytosable sizes on implant fixation: An experimental study in dogs

Histological and compositional evaluations of three types of calcium phosphate cements when implanted in subcutaneous tissue immediately after mixing

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