Different effects of insulin and 2-deoxy-D-glucose administration on tyrosine hydroxylase gene expression in the locus coeruleus and the adrenal medulla in rats

Rusnak, Milan; Jeloková, Jana; Vietor, Ilja; Sabban, Esther L.; Květňanský, Richard

doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(98)00033-1

Cited by 33 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…2DG exerts stimulatory effects on glucocorticoid and adrenomedullary secretion, and on central CA neuron function [23, 24, 25]. In the latter case, our evidence for drug-induced Fos expression by TH-ir neurons in the LC is consistent with earlier reports of local increases in TH message levels following antimetabolite administration, thus substantiating that local CA neurons undergo transcriptional activation during glucopenia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of Estradiol on Glucoprivic Transactivation of Catecholaminergic Neurons in the Female Rat Caudal Brainstem

Briski¹,

Marshall²,

Sylvester³

2001

Neuroendocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hyperphagic and hypothalamic neuroendocrine responses to acute glucose deprivation are modified by the ovarian steroid estradiol (E). Observations of genomic activation of catecholaminergic (CA) neurons in the hindbrain lateral reticular nucleus, nucleus of the solitary tract, and area postrema (AP) by glucopenia support their potential function in pathways mediating regulatory effects of this metabolic challenge within the brain. Expression of E receptors by these cells suggests that their activity may be sensitive to steroid modulation during glucopenia. The present studies investigated the role of E on transcriptional activation of caudal brainstem CA neurons by the glucose antimetabolite, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG). Ovariectomized rats were implanted with s.c. Silastic capsules containing E (30 or 250 µg/ml) or sesame oil, and injected i.p. 7 days later with 400 mg 2DG/kg or saline. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunoreactive (-ir) neurons in the C₁/A₁, C₂, C₃, A₂, A₅, and A₆ cell groups and AP were colabeled for Fos following antimetabolite administration, whereas vehicle injection resulted in negligible nuclear staining of these cells. With the exception of A₂, A₆, and AP cells, mean numbers of Fos- and TH-/Fos-ir-positive neurons in these brain sites did not differ between E- and sesame oil-implanted groups. Numbers of TH-positive A₂ and A₆ neurons that expressed Fos in response to 2DG were significantly greater in rats implanted with the high E dose vs. either the low steroid dose or sesame oil. These results show that the magnitude of cellular Fos labeling within discrete hindbrain CA neuron populations varies in accordance with circulating E levels. These findings suggest that E may exert potential modulatory effects on glucoprivic activation of the Fos stimulus/transcription cascade and consequent compensatory genomic responses within specific areas of the female rat caudal brainstem.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of Estradiol on Glucoprivic Transactivation of Catecholaminergic Neurons in the Female Rat Caudal Brainstem

Briski¹,

Marshall²,

Sylvester³

2001

Neuroendocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The pattern of TH activity was also different between the hypoglycemia and neuroglucopenia models, both in the groups receiving only one metabolic insult, and in those receiving the recurrent insult. A recent study from Rusnak et al (1998) reports differential effects of insulin-induced hypoglycemia and peripherally-induced neuroglucopenia on induction of TH gene expression in the LC cell bodies and in the adrenal medulla, which supports our conclusion that these two metabolic stressors are not an equivalent stimulus to the CNS. Also, patterns of NE release within the hypothalamus differ both quantitatively and qualitatively in insulin-induced hypoglycemia and 2-deoxyglucoseinduced neuroglucopenia (Beverly et al, 2000;.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of Repetitive Hypoglycemia on Neuroendocrine Response and Brain Tyrosine Hydroxylase Activity in the Rat

Figlewicz

Dijk

Wilkinson

et al. 2002

Stress

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effects of repetitive hypoglycemia on neuroendocrine response and brain tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the rat. Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure (HAAF) is a syndrome of acute adaptation to a metabolic stressor, in which neuroendocrine responses to repetitive hypoglycemic bouts are blunted. The CNS mechanisms that contribute to HAAF are unknown. In the present study, we modeled HAAF in the rat and measured the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) as an index of acute noradrenergic activation, to test the hypothesis that noradrenergic activation of the hypothalamus might be impaired. In association with a significant counter-regulatory response to a single bout of hypoglycemia (elevated corticosterone, catecholamines, and glucagon), TH activity was elevated overall in brainstem NE cell body areas and hypothalamus. With multiple hypoglycemic episodes in a 24 h period, the counterregulatory response was blunted, and hypothalamic TH activity was comparable to that of salineinfused controls. In a similar paradigm, multiple bouts of CNS neuroglucopenia did not blunt the hyperglycemic or corticosterone responses, and were required for elevation of TH activity. This alternate response pattern suggests that insulin-induced hypoglycemia and cerebral neuroglucopenia represent somewhat different metabolic stressors at the CNS.

show abstract

“…The present data are consistent with the aforementioned theory of posttranscriptional control, but in order to interpret the finding correctly, further quantitative studies targeting post-transcriptional mechanisms were considered to be needed. Different stresses could cause variable responses in sympathoadrenal systems, as previous studies suggested (Cooper et al 2003;Nankova et al 1996;Levenson and Moore 1998;Rusnák et al 1998;Sabban and Kvetnanský 2001). In rats, immobilization stress causes the elevation of plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations, while cold exposure elevated noradrenaline concentration and injection of insulin only increased adrenaline concentration (Sabban and Kvetnanský 2001).…”

Section: Usefulness Of Mrna Expression Of Catecholamine Biosynthetic mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In rats, immobilization stress causes the elevation of plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations, while cold exposure elevated noradrenaline concentration and injection of insulin only increased adrenaline concentration (Sabban and Kvetnanský 2001). The immobilization of rats led to the up-regulation of the mRNA levels of TH and DBH in the locus coeruleus but the injection of insulin did not raise TH mRNA levels (Rusnák et al 1998). Particularly, previous or chronic stress can produce a lack of reproducibility due to altered transcription patterns of genes.…”

Section: Usefulness Of Mrna Expression Of Catecholamine Biosynthetic mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, measurement of sympathoadrenal activity based on expression levels of mRNAs for catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes has been performed in the field of molecular biology (Nankova et al 1994;Nankova et al 1996;Brooks et al 1997;Levenson and Moore 1998;Rusnák et al 1998;Bornstein et al 1999;Lai et al 2000;Sabban and Kvetnanský 2001;Gallara et al 2004;Kubovcakova et al 2004;Klimes et al 2005;Lai et al 2005;Herradón et al 2006). However, earlier animal studies on some stresses such as immobilization, cold exposure, forced exercise, and insulininduced hypoglycemia (Brooks et al 1997;Lai et al 2000;Sabban and Kvetnanský 2001;Gallara et al 2004;Klimes et al 2005;Lai et al 2005), did not cover all forms of stresses encountered in forensic practice.…”

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Expression Levels of mRNAs for Catecholamine Biosynthetic Enzymes as Markers of Acute Response to Contusion Stress during the Early Postmortem Period

Takahashi

2008

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Various stresses can be followed by sudden unexpected deaths, and autopsies sometimes fail to identify pathological findings that determine the cause of death. Pathologists occasionally explain such deaths as being due to overstimulation of sympathoadrenal systems, but postmortem assessment of antemortem sympathoadrenal activity has not been established. An animal model of weight injuries was used to quantify sympathoadrenal response to contusion stress, which is common in forensic fields. A weight was dropped from a given height onto the right dorsal limb of each anesthetized rat, with a control group and three stress groups (n = 4, each): 1000 g-80 cm, 1000 g-40 cm, and 500 g-40 cm. To explore the postmortem changes, we also included ten groups comprised of control and 1000 g-80 cm groups, whose tissues were harvested during 12 hours after euthanasia. Real-time quantitative polymerase-chain reaction was performed to quantify relative expression levels of mRNAs for catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes in the adrenals and the anterocervical ganglia: tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine betahydroxylase (DBH) and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT). The expression levels of all target mRNAs in the adrenals increased with the intensity of impact (TH, p < 0.0005; DBH and PNMT, p < 0.005), and particularly, TH mRNA level exhibited near-stepwise elevation ( p < 0.05). In contrast, no significant differences were detected in the anterocervical ganglia. Moreover, these mRNA levels in the adrenals decreased with increasing postmortem interval length. Thus, TH mRNA level may be a good marker of sympathoadrenal response to contusion stress during the early postmortem period. forensic medicine; sudden unexpected death; sympathoadrenal response to contusion stress; catecholamine; real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Tohoku

show abstract

Different effects of insulin and 2-deoxy-D-glucose administration on tyrosine hydroxylase gene expression in the locus coeruleus and the adrenal medulla in rats

Cited by 33 publications

References 39 publications

Effects of Estradiol on Glucoprivic Transactivation of Catecholaminergic Neurons in the Female Rat Caudal Brainstem

Effects of Estradiol on Glucoprivic Transactivation of Catecholaminergic Neurons in the Female Rat Caudal Brainstem

Effects of Repetitive Hypoglycemia on Neuroendocrine Response and Brain Tyrosine Hydroxylase Activity in the Rat

Expression Levels of mRNAs for Catecholamine Biosynthetic Enzymes as Markers of Acute Response to Contusion Stress during the Early Postmortem Period

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About