Different allele frequencies in Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Trypanosoma brucei gambiense populations

Paindavoine, Pascale; Zampetti‐Bosseler, F.; Coquelet, H; Pays, Étienne; Steinert, Maurice

doi:10.1016/0166-6851(89)90130-8

Cited by 43 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Recent studies (8,42) ofnuclear RFLPs in T. brucei s.l. have led to the separation of the stocks into gambiense and nongambiense taxa, interpreted as genetically isolated from each other.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A clonal theory of parasitic protozoa: the population structures of Entamoeba, Giardia, Leishmania, Naegleria, Plasmodium, Trichomonas, and Trypanosoma and their medical and taxonomical consequences.

Tibayrenc¹,

Kjellberg²,

Ayala³

1990

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

505

366

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We propose a general theory of clonal reproduction for parasitic protozoa, which has important medical and biological consequences. Many parasitic protozoa have been assumed to reproduce sexually, because of diploidy and occasional sexuality in the laboratory. However, a population genetic analysis of extensive data on biochemical polymorphisms indicates that the two fundamental consequences of sexual reproduction (i.e., segregation and recombination) are apparently rare or absent in natural populations of the parasitic protozoa. Moreover, the clones recorded appear to be stable over large geographical areas and long periods of time.

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“…Recent studies (8,42) ofnuclear RFLPs in T. brucei s.l. have led to the separation of the stocks into gambiense and nongambiense taxa, interpreted as genetically isolated from each other.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A clonal theory of parasitic protozoa: the population structures of Entamoeba, Giardia, Leishmania, Naegleria, Plasmodium, Trichomonas, and Trypanosoma and their medical and taxonomical consequences.

Tibayrenc¹,

Kjellberg²,

Ayala³

1990

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

505

366

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Trypanosome bloodstream strains FEO (ITMAP 1893 MHOM R) and OK (ITMAP 1841) (22,23) were used for the experiments. The parasites were intraperitoneally injected into rats.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Trypanosoma brucei gambiense Secretome Impairs Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Maturation, Cytokine Production, and Allostimulatory Capacity of Dendritic Cells

et al. 2013

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bTrypanosoma brucei gambiense, a parasitic protozoan belonging to kinetoplastids, is the main etiological agent of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), or sleeping sickness. One major characteristic of this disease is the dysregulation of the host immune system. The present study demonstrates that the secretome (excreted-secreted proteins) of T. b. gambiense impairs the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced maturation of murine dendritic cells (DCs). The upregulation of major histocompatibility complex class II, CD40, CD80, and CD86 molecules, as well as the secretion of cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-10 (IL-10), and IL-6, which are normally released at high levels by LPS-stimulated DCs, is significantly reduced when these cells are cultured in the presence of the T. b. gambiense secretome. Moreover, the inhibition of DC maturation results in the loss of their allostimulatory capacity, leading to a dramatic decrease in Th1/Th2 cytokine production by cocultured lymphocytes. These results provide new insights into a novel efficient immunosuppressive mechanism directly involving the alteration of DC function which might be used by T. b. gambiense to interfere with the host immune responses in HAT and promote the infectious process.

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“…We shall cite but a few examples. Two genotypes (each heterozygous at four loci) of T. brucei (8,19) were independently sampled from various places (3 and 5 times, respectively), although they were expected less than once (0.23 times for one and 0.07 times for the other). Numerous additional examples of ubiquitous overrepresented genotypes occur in the extensive studies on T. brucei s.l.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various authors have, moreover, postulated that genetic recombination occurs also in natural populations of T. brucei (6)(7)(8), P. falciparum (9), and Leishmania (10,11). Outbreeding within the species as a whole has been proposed for T. brucei (6, 7) and P. falciparum (9), and it has been suggested that it may indeed be the case for many parasitic protozoa (12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A clonal theory of parasitic protozoa: The population structures of Entamoeba, Giardia, Leishmania, Naegleria, Plasmodium, Trichomonas, and Trypanosoma and their medical and taxonomical consequences

1990

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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show abstract

Different allele frequencies in Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Trypanosoma brucei gambiense populations

Cited by 43 publications

References 20 publications

A clonal theory of parasitic protozoa: the population structures of Entamoeba, Giardia, Leishmania, Naegleria, Plasmodium, Trichomonas, and Trypanosoma and their medical and taxonomical consequences.

A clonal theory of parasitic protozoa: the population structures of Entamoeba, Giardia, Leishmania, Naegleria, Plasmodium, Trichomonas, and Trypanosoma and their medical and taxonomical consequences.

The Trypanosoma brucei gambiense Secretome Impairs Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Maturation, Cytokine Production, and Allostimulatory Capacity of Dendritic Cells

A clonal theory of parasitic protozoa: The population structures of Entamoeba, Giardia, Leishmania, Naegleria, Plasmodium, Trichomonas, and Trypanosoma and their medical and taxonomical consequences

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