Differences of skin irritation between Japanese and European women

Aramaki, J; Kawana, Seiji; Effendy, Isaak; Happle, Rudolf; Löffler, Harald

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04509.x

Cited by 92 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Nevertheless, Estanisiao et al [44] have reported a difference in TWEL of a factor of 2 between different Asian groups. In contrast, Aramaki et al [45] found no differences in TEWL between Japanese and German women. Using a tape stripping approach Reed et al [32] found that darker skinned individuals required a greater number of tape strippings to elicit a doubling in TEWL compared with Whites.…”

Section: Stratum Corneum Barrier Functionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Slight but distinct reductions in the time to respond to the chemicals were observed for the Asian subjects lending some support to the perception of increased reactivity in Asian vs. Caucasian subjects. In this respect, Arakami et al [45] reported no differences in barrier function after an SLS challenge in Japanese and German subjects but Japanese were significantly more sensitive to a lactic acid stinging test on the face. Foy et al [65] also reported that irritation responses were greater in Japanese women compared with Caucasian women.…”

Section: Cutaneous Irritation In Different Racial Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethnic skin types: are there differences in skin structure and function?¹

Rawlings¹

2006

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

315

277

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SynopsisPeople of skin of colour comprise the majority of the world's population and Asian subjects comprise more than half of the total population of the earth. Even so, the literature on the characteristics of the subjects with skin of colour is limited. Several groups over the past decades have attempted to decipher the underlying differences in skin structure and function in different ethnic skin types. However, most of these studies have been of small scale and in some studies interindividual differences in skin quality overwhelm any racial differences. There has been a recent call for more studies to address genetic together with phenotypic differences among different racial groups and in this respect several large-scale studies have been conducted recently. The most obvious ethnic skin difference relates to skin colour which is dominated by the presence of melanin. The photoprotection derived from this polymer influences the rate of the skin aging changes between the different racial groups. However, all racial groups are eventually subjected to the photoaging process. Generally Caucasians have an earlier onset and greater skin wrinkling and sagging signs than other skin types and in general increased pigmentary problems are seen in skin of colour although one large study reported that East Asians living in the U.S.A. had the least pigment spots. Induction of a hyperpigmentary response is thought to be through signaling by the protease-activated receptor-2 which together with its activating protease is increased in the epidermis of subjects with skin of colour. Changes in skin biophysical properties with age demonstrate that the more darkly pigmented subjects retaining younger skin properties compared with the more lightly pigmented groups. However, despite having a more compact stratum corneum (SC) there are conflicting reports on barrier function in these subjects. Nevertheless, upon a chemical or mechanical challenge the SC barrier function is reported to be stronger in subjects with darker skin despite having the reported lowest ceramide levels. One has to remember that barrier function relates to the total architecture of the SC and not just its lipid levels. Asian skin is reported to possess a similar basal transepidermal water loss (TEWL) to Caucasian skin and similar ceramide levels but upon mechanical challenge it has the weakest barrier function. Differences in intercellular cohesion are obviously apparent. In contrast reduced SC natural moisturizing factor levels have been reported compared with Caucasian and African American skin. These differences will contribute to differences in desquamation but few data are available. One recent study has shown reduced epidermal Cathepsin L2 levels in darker skin types which if also occurs in the SC could contribute to the known skin ashing problems these subjects experience. In very general terms as the desquamatory enzymes are extruded with the lamellar granules subjects with lowered SC lipid levels are expected to have lowered desquamatory enzyme levels...

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Section: Stratum Corneum Barrier Functionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Cutaneous Irritation In Different Racial Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic skin types: are there differences in skin structure and function?¹

Rawlings¹

2006

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

315

277

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“…Although evidence regarding transepidermal water loss in Asian skin is contradictory, there are reports of Asians having a lower transepidermal water loss than other races [20] . However, a study in similarly aged Japanese and German women detected no significant differences in transepidermal water loss between the two races [23] . Similarly, there was no difference in transdermal water loss between Japanese and French volunteers whose physiological parameters were investigated at three different skin sites [24] .…”

Section: Differences Between Asian and Non-asian Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Investigations involving the removal of the stratum corneum by tape stripping indicated that Asian skin may have a poor barrier function [28][29][30] . Asians compared with non-Asians have a heightened dermatological response to irritants commonly found in topical, over-the-counter, or cosmetic preparations [23,[31][32][33][34][35] . In a study in Japanese patients with photo-damaged skin, tretinoin caused a higher than anticipated level of irritation than that previously reported in Caucasians [34] .…”

Section: Differences Between Asian and Non-asian Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Seborrhoeic Dermatitis in Asia: A Consensus Guide

Cheong

Yeung

Torsekar

et al. 2015

Skin Appendage Disord

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Seborrhoeic dermatitis (SD) is common in Asia. Its prevalence is estimated to be 1-5% in adults. However, larger population-based studies into the epidemiology of SD in Asia are lacking, and the aetiology of SD may differ widely from Western countries and in different parts of Asia. In addition, clinically significant differences between Asian and Caucasian skin have been reported. There is a need to define standardized clinical diagnostic criteria and/or a grading system to help determine appropriate treatments for SD within Asia. With this in mind, experts from India, South Korea, Taiwan, Malaysia, Vietnam, Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia, and Italy convened to define the landscape of SD in Asia at a meeting held in Singapore. The consensus group developed a comprehensive algorithm to aid clinicians to recommend appropriate treatment of SD in both adults and children. In most cases, satisfactory therapeutic results can be accomplished with topical antifungal agents or topical corticosteroids. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents with antifungal properties have been shown to be a viable option for both acute and maintenance therapy.

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“…That result points to the possibility that skin dryness increases the susceptibility to sensory irritation. Regarding differences between races on the susceptibility to sensory irritation, an epidemiological study indicated that Japanese women have a lower threshold concentration on the perception of a stinging inducing chemical than do German women 11 . This suggests that the difference originates from different habits like washing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%