Differences in wrist mechanics during the golf swing based on golf handicap

Fedorcik, Gregory G.; Queen, Robin M.; Abbey, Alicia N.; Moorman, Claude T.; Ruch, David S.

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2011.10.006

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The only other group difference found were in the ages of the participants, and it is an issue that has been encountered in previous studies with skill level based groups in golf (Fedorcik, Queen, Abbey, Moorman, & Ruch, 2011;Zheng, Barrentine, Fleisig, & Andrews, 2008). Differences in the strength of motor synergy have previously been found with aging (Verrel, Lövdén, & Lindenberger, 2012), where V UCM appeared to be lower in the later stages of a pointing movement in the older group.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Motor abundance and control structure in the golf swing

Morrison

McGrath

Wallace

2016

Human Movement Science

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Variability and control structure are under-represented areas of golf swing research. This study investigated the use of the abundant degrees of freedom in the golf swing of high and intermediate skilled golfers using uncontrolled manifold (UCM) analysis. The variance parallel to (V UCM ) and orthogonal to (V Orth ) the UCM with respect to the orientation and location of the clubhead were calculated. The higher skilled golfers had proportionally higher values of V UCM than lower skilled players for all measured outcome variables. Motor synergy was found in the control of the orientation of the clubhead and the combined outcome variables but not for clubhead location. Clubhead location variance zeroed-in on impact as has been previously shown, whereas clubhead orientation variance increased near impact. Both skill levels increased their control over the clubhead location leading up to impact, with more control exerted over the clubhead orientation in the early downswing. The results suggest that to achieve higher skill levels in golf may not lie simply in optimal technique, but may lie more in developing control over the abundant degrees of freedom in the body.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Motor abundance and control structure in the golf swing

Morrison

McGrath

Wallace

2016

Human Movement Science

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“…Generation of club head velocity findings here are consistent with the findings of Cheetham et al [29] and Kenny et al [30] who noted that amateur golfers tend to be very inconsistent with their movement sequencing pattern, while PGA touring professionals tend to have more similar, invariant sequencing profiles. Professional golfers exhibit greater angular velocities at the lead wrist during the downswing [31] and low golf handicap golfers show decreased radial deviation in the lead arm during the swing and at ball contact [32]. The timing or sequence in which the body segments move is an essential part of the golf swing and generates faster club head speed required for an effective golf shot [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Milburn [37] attributed 70% of the linear segmental velocity of the golf swing to the wrists. Professional golfers exhibit greater angular velocities at the lead wrist during the downswing [31] and low handicap golfers show decreased radial deviation in the lead arm during the swing and at ball contact [32]. If the wrist joint motion is missing due to an amputation, or altered due to a prosthetic device, the golfer may adapt their swing kinematics and timing in order to create either sufficient power and club head speed, or a leading club head position at impact for increased launch angle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drive Performance for Able-Bodied and Disabled Golfers

Kenny

Campbell

Surmon

et al. 2015

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

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Golf is a popular leisure and competitive activity for individuals with disabilities. The current golf handicap system does not take into account the possible challenges of playing golf with any form of physical disability. The aim of this study was to examine golf driving performance measures, comparing golfers with various types of physical disabilities to able-bodied golfers. Through drive shot ball launch analysis, this study compared amputees (single leg, below and above knee), deaf, visually impaired, polio, Les Autres and arthrogryposis golfers to able-bodied golfers with similar golf handicaps. Twenty-seven able-bodied (handicap category 3, 12.4 ± 7.0) and 15 disabled (handicap category 3, 18.2 ± 9.2) hit 10 drives each. Able-bodied golfers presented longer but less accurate drives (208.1 m carry, 4.6 m lateral deviation), and concomitant higher club head and ball velocity than disabled golfers (157.6 m carry, 6.0 m lateral deviation) [p<0.001]. The apparent difference in outcome performance cannot be fully accounted for by the small difference in golf handicap score, thus disabled golfers appear to be penalised/ disadvantaged by the current golf handicap classification rules.

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“…the ball flight results and the impact factors influence amateur players' handicap level, where a lower handicap indicates better performance [1,[19][20][21][22]. Professional players are evaluated by the amount of earnings [6,[23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of the relationships between ball flight results, impact factors, and golf performance

Brožka¹,

Gryc²,

Miřátský³

et al. 2021

Hum Mov.

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Purpose. the aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between golf players' performance, impact factors, and ball flight results with individual clubs when performing a full swing. Methods. the study involved 9 amateur golfers who performed a full swing test with 4 different clubs (short, middle, long iron, and driver) and then played a tournament round of golf. the players' performance was assessed by handicap and by game statistics from the tournament. the ball flight results were based on the resulting carry distance and the resulting side deviation from the target line. the impact factors were the initial ball speed, the club head speed, the smash factor, the face angle, the club path, and the face to path. Relationships between the players' performance, impact factors, and ball flight results were investigated. Results. A significant relationship was found between the resulting ball flight distance and handicap for long iron (r = -0.85; p < 0.01) and driver (r = -0.9; p < 0.01). Conversely, the resulting ball flight side deviation from the target line correlated with handicap in short iron (r = 0.78; p = 0.02). Conclusions. ball flight distance of long iron and driver and ball flight side deviation of short iron are key attributes of performance. the results suggest that in order to improve long term performance, players should aim for maximal distance with drivers and long irons (high smash factor) and for maximal accuracy with short irons (low face angle).

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Differences in wrist mechanics during the golf swing based on golf handicap

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

Motor abundance and control structure in the golf swing

Motor abundance and control structure in the golf swing

Drive Performance for Able-Bodied and Disabled Golfers

An assessment of the relationships between ball flight results, impact factors, and golf performance

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